1. Failure domains
   1. specific acts
   2. preconditions
   3. supervision
   4. organizational influences
   5. span
2. Holes and slices
   1. The holes in the slices represent weaknesses in individual parts of the system and are continually varying in size and position across the slices
   2. An organisation's defenses against failure are modeled as a series of barriers, represented as slices of cheese
   3. The system produces failures when a hole in each slice momentarily aligns, permitting "a trajectory of accident opportunity", so that a hazard passes through holes in all of the slices, leading to a failure
3. Active and latent failures
   1. Latent failures include contributory factors that may lie dormant for days, weeks, or months until they contribute to the accident.
   2. Active failures encompass the unsafe acts that can be directly linked to an accident, such as (in the case of aircraft accidents) a navigation error
4. Correct Version
   1. Active failure => Immediate causes
   2. Precondition
   3. Latent Failure => underlying causes
5. Applications
   1. A useful theoretical model to explain the multifaceted (human, organizational and technological) aspects of healthcare data breaches
   2. Crew Resource Management
   3. The same framework can be applicable in some areas of healthcare.
   4. Can be used in big projects like Telecommunications which need Environmental, Health and Safety is a crucial aspect of projects delivery.