1. 1. An ad-hoc routing protocol controls the routing of packet in MANET.
  2. 2. MANET, initially nodes are not aware of topology of network, they need to discover that.
  3. 3. An ad-hoc routing protocol can be classified
  4. a. reactive (on-demand),
  5. viii. reactive protocol types
  6. 1. AODV( Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) Routing protocol
  7. c. hybrid protocol.
  8. b. proactive (table-driven) protocol,
  9. 2. DSR protocol
  10. 3. ACOR protocol
  11. 4. ABR protocol
  12. b. AODV is able to react quickly to the changes in the network topology
  13. a. AODV, route establishment takes place only when there is a demand for new route.
  14. c. AODV updates only the hosts that may be affected by the changes in the network by using the RREQ message
  15. d. AODV is capable of
  16. i. The RREQ and RREP messages are responsible for the route discovery
  17. i. Unicast routing,
  18. ii. broadcast routing
  19. iii. multicast routing.
  20. i. Reactive protocol finds routes by using the route request packet.
  21. vii. reactive protocols do not maintain permanent route table. , 1. Instead, routes are built by the source on demand.
  22. vi. One of the reactive protocols is AODV.
  23. v. Distribution of information is not required in reactive protocols
  24. iv. Reactive or on-demand routing protocols route is discovered when required.
  25. iii. Reactive protocol deals with two main functions
  26. ii. Reactive is a bandwidth efficient on-demand routing protocol for Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks.
  27. 3. detection of link breaks repair of an existing route )
  28. 2. Route Maintenance functions(Route Maintenance function decide
  29. 1. Route Discovery functions(Route Discovery function decide discovery of new route )
  30. i. table-driven routing protocol, routing information is broadcasted by mobile nodes to the neighbors.
  31. ii. Each node needs to keep their routing table which contains the information of neighborhood nodes,
  32. iii. all of the nodes have to find their nodes in the neighborhood as there is change in network topology.
  33. iv. disadvantage of proactive protocol is when size of network increases, then overhead increases.
  34. v. The most familiar proactive type is destination sequenced distance vector (DSDV) routing protocol.
  35. vi. Other proactive protocol types
  36. a. reachable nodes
  37. b. the number of hops.
  38. a. DSDV
  39. i. (DBF) Algorithm was used successfully in many of the dynamic packet switched networks.
  40. i. sequence number, is periodically increased by two and it is transmitted along with other routing update messages to all other neighboring nodes
  41. b. (DSDV) Protocols is Table-driven protocol which is a modification in the Distributed Bellman-Ford (DBF) Algorithm
  42. c. DSDV, every node in the mobile network is required to send a sequence number,
  43. f. CGSR
  44. d. OLSR
  45. e. WRF