1. STATE LAW CREATED
   1. BY JUDGES (COMMON LAW)
   2. BY LEGISLATURES (STATUTORY LAW)
   3. RESTATEMENT OF TORTS (2ND)
   4. RESTATEMENT OF TORTS (3RD)
   5. INFLUENTIAL GUIDE
      1. AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE
2. FUNCTION
   1. PROVIDE RELIEF FOR DAMAGES
      1. PLAINTIFF OBTAINS DAMAGES
         1. AS COMPENSATION (REDRESS)
         2. IN EXCESS OF COMPENSATION (SOMETIMES)
      2. DEFENDANT PAYS DAMAGES
         1. AS COMPENSATION (REDRESS)
         2. IN EXCESS OF COMPENSATION (SOMETIMES)
   2. DETER OTHERS FROM DOING SAME HARM
   3. INJUNCTION
      1. PREVENT CONTINUATION FURTHER TORTIOUS CONDUCT
      2. MONEY DAMAGES
         1. LOSS OF EARNINGS CAPACITY
         2. PAIN & SUFFERING
         3. REASONABLE MEDICAL EXPENSES
         4. PRESENT LOSSES
         5. FUTURE LOSSES
   4. REINFORCEMENT OF SOCIAL NORMS
3. AREAS
   1. NUISANCE
   2. DEFAMATION
   3. INVASION OF PRIVACY
   4. ECONOMIC TORTS
4. SPECIFIC TORTS
   1. TRESPASS
   2. ASSAULT
      1. OVERT ATTEMPT
         1. TO PHYSICALLY INJURE
         2. CREATE A FEELING OF FEAR & APPREHENSION
         3. NO PHYSICAL CONTACT NEED TAKE PLACE
   3. BATTERY
      1. ACTUAL PHYSICAL CONTACT; INJURY
   4. NEGLIGENCE
   5. PRODUCTS LIABILITY
   6. INTENTIONAL INFLICTION OF EMOTIONAL DISTRESS
   7. LIBEL
   8. SLANDER
   9. ASSAULT & BATTERY
5. CATEGORIES
   1. INTENTIONAL
      1. DUTY OF CARE
      2. KNEW OR SHOULD HAVE KNOWN
         1. ACTIONS
         2. NON-ACTIONS
      3. ATTEMPTS
      4. INTENDS
      5. TO DO HARM
         1. SHOULD HAVE FORESEEN & PREVENTED BY EXERCISING PROPER CARE
   2. NEGLIGENT
      1. DUTY OF CARE
      2. ACTIONS REASONABLY UNSAFE
      3. ELEMENTS OF NEGLIGENCE
         1. DUTY TO PROTECT FROM UNREASONABLE RISKS
         2. FAILURE OF DUTY; FAILURE TO EXERCICES RESASOABLE STANDARD OF CARE
         3. CAUSAL CONNECTION BETWEEN BREACH OF DUTY OF CARE AND RESULTING INJURY
         4. ACTUAL PHYSICAL OR MENTAL INJURY RESULTING FROM NEGLIGENCE
         5. MUST PROVE
   3. STRICT LIABILITY
      1. ACTION CAUSES DAMAGE
   4. ACTS ARE NEITHER EXPECTED NOR INTENDED
6. DEFINED
   1. ACTION RESULTING IN INJURY OR HARM
      1. CIVIL WRONG
      2. CRIMINAL WRONG
   2. AN INJURY TO A PERSON FOR WHICH THE PERSON WHO CAUSED THE INJURY IS LEGALLY RESPONSIBLE
   3. CIVIL WRONG WHICH CAN BE REDRESSED BY AWARDING DAMAGES
   4. DEFINED
7. FEDERAL TORT CLAIMS ACT
   1. U.S. ATTORNEYS TORTS BRANCH
      1. AVIATION & ADMIRALITY
      2. CONSTITUTIONAL & SPECIALIZED
      3. ENVIRONMENTAL
      4. FEDERAL TORT CLAIMS ACT STAFF
   2. Governmental Regulatory activities
   3. CONSTITUTIONAL TORT CLAIM AGAINST INDIVIDUALS
      1. claims challenging conduct undertaken within the scope of their employment and seeking to recover money damages from their personal assets
      2. PERSONAL LIABILITY
         1. PROFESSIONAL CAPACITY
      3. Bivens v. Six Unknown Fed. Narcotics Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971).
   4. GENERAL TORT CLAIM AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT
   5. RELATED CONTRACT ISSUES