1. Chronic Diseases
   1. Diabetes Mellitus
   2. Hypertension
   3. Osteoarthritis
   4. Dementia
   5. Low Back Pain
2. Hemoglobin Levels
3. definition
   1. a metalloprotein in the red blood cells and contains iron
4. walking
   1. muscles and bones become stronger
   2. improve the endurance
   3. maintain balance
   4. keep a healthy weight
   5. sleep better
   6. raise the "good" (HDL) cholesterol
5. Normal physiological changes
   1. Cardiovascular system
      1. the heart muscle becomes slightly stiffer and thickened
   2. Gastrointestinal system
      1. The liver is less efficient in metabolizing drugs and repairing damaged liver cells
   3. Respiratory system
      1. The alveolar surface area decreases and tend to collapse on expiration
   4. Skin
      1. elastic and collagen decrease
      2. inability of skin to retain moisture
6. Balanced Diet
   1. water
   2. Protein
   3. Carbohydrates and fibers:
   4. Iron
   5. calcium
   6. Vitamin B12
7. Influences of smoking
   1. Accelerates ageing
   2. Affected life expectancy
   3. Affected the quality of life
   4. low concentrations of antioxidant vitamins
   5. hypertension
8. care
   1. Elderly Care Home
   2. physical therapy center
9.  Low hemoglobin in long time
   1. heart diseases
   2. shortness of breath
   3. , loss of skin
   4. anemia
10. Blood in stool
    1. refer to
       1. bleed in the large intestinr
    2. causes
       1. diverticulitis
       2. hemorrhoids
       3. colon cancer
       4. intestinal infections caused by salmonella
       5. recent trauma
11. normal
    1. male \12.4-14.9
    2. female\11.7-13.8