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Read the passage and question carefully
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Information only
- Arugment Constrcution
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Argumentation
- Argument Evaulation
- Argument Construction
- Defined by persuasiveness of argument and by the request from question
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Plan
- Evaluation of Plan
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Define the question type
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Argument Evaluation
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Define Essential Issue
- What am I supposed to do?
- Only ONE essential issue in each question
- Define with specifity and preciseness
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Explore Reasoning
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Claim
- What are you trying to prove in your text?
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Evidence
- What do you have from the text to support your claim?
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Reasoning
- How do you link your evidence to your claim?
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Develop Critical Question
- Let’s presume that your evidence were true.
- Even though your evidence were true, you inference should be false since____
- Okay, even though I admit that your inference were true, your next inference should be false since_____
- …Even though I admit that your latest inference were true, your claim is still false since _____.
- Move on to choices only when there are Critical Questions in mind
- Help the speaker link his evidence to his claim
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Argument Construction
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Perspective shift
- I’m not talking to the speaker, I’m the speaker.
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Define the role
- Who am I?
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Define your audience
- To whom I am trying to persuade?
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Define your claim
- After all these words, what am I trying to prove?
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Q&A Session
- What Critical Questions are they going to ask me?
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Defend your claim
- How should I answer their questions to clarify their misunderstandings?
- Draw a conclusion
- Explain the discrepancy
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Evaluation of Plan
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Harm or Need
- Do we really have harm/need?
- Is it necessary to solve that harm/need?
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Inherency
- What’s the underlying, driving factor(s) behind that harm/need?
- Does my plan target at those factors?
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Solvency
- How effective can my plan affect those factors and thus solve the harm/need?
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Desirability
- Let’s check whether our benefits outweigh our sacrifices.
- Depend on the request of question
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Develop or answer critical questions
- Perspective shift
- Make an analogy
- M.E.C.E.
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Move on to choices
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Rapid Screening
- Read the whole choice.
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Can it answer my critical questions?
- Yes: Keep
- No: Eliminate
- Not sure / Indirect: Quarantine
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From Quarantine to Decision
- What’s the essential issue in this question?
- What’s the prerequisite(s) within the passage?
- What’s the underlying assumption(s) between the choice and the essential issue?
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Evaluate the plausibility and persuasiveness of each choice.
- Very weak
- Moderately weak
- Moderately strong
- Absolutely certain
- Click the number button
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