1. Cloud VPN
   1. Securely connects on-premises network to Google Cloud VPC network through an IPsec VPN tunnel. Traffic is encrypted by one VPN gateway , then decrypted by the other VPN gateway
   2. Key features
      1. Useful for low-volume data connections
      2. 99.9% SLA
      3. Supports
         1. Site-to-site VPN
         2. Static routes
         3. Dynamic routes (Cloud Router)
         4. IKEv1 and IKEv2 ciphers
   3. HA VPN
      1. Is a high availability Cloud VPN solution that securely connects on-premises network to VPC network through an IPsec VPN connection in a single region
      2. Key features
         1. Provides 99.99% service availability
         2. Google Cloud automatically chooses two external IP addresses
            1. Supports multiple tunnels
            2. VPN tunnels connected to HA VPN gateways must use dynamic (BGP) routing
         3. Supports site-to-site VPN for different topologies/configuration scenarios
            1. An HA VPN gateway to peer VPN devices
            2. An HA VPN gateway to an AWS virtual private gateway
            3. Two HA VPN gateways connected to each other
2. Cloud Interconnect
   1. Dedicated Interconnect
      1. Provides direct physical connections between on-premises network and Google's network
      2. Connection in colocation facilities
      3. Layer 2 connection (VLANs)
      4. BGP sessions between the Cloud Router and the on-premises router
      5. 99.9% or 99.99% uptime SLA
      6. Capacity of 10 Gbps or 100 Gbps per link
   2. Partner Interconnect
      1. Provides connectivity between on-premises network and VPC network through a supported service provider
      2. Layer 2 connection (VLANs)
      3. Layer 3 connection
      4. BGP sessions between the Cloud Router and the on-premises router
      5. 99.9% or 99.99% uptime SLA
      6. Capacity of 50 Mbps to 10 Gbps per connection
   3. Cross-Cloud Interconnect
      1. Establishes high-bandwidth dedicated connectivity between Google Cloud and another cloud service provider
      2. Supported Cloud service provider
         1. AWS
         2. Microsoft Azure
         3. Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI)
         4. Alibaba Cloud
      3. Capacity of 10 Gbps or 100 Gbps
      4. 99.9% or 99.99% uptime SLA
3. Cloud Peering
   1. Direct Peering
      1. Provides a direct connection between business network and Google's through Edge network locations
      2. Edge Points of Presence (PoPs) are where Google's network connects to the rest of the internet via peering
      3. No SLA
      4. Exchange BGP routes
      5. Reach all of Google's services
      6. Peering requirements
      7. Capacity of 10 Gbps per link
   2. Carrier Peering
      1. Provides connectivity through a supported partner
      2. Reach all of Google's services
      3. Partner requirements
      4. No SLA
4. Shared VPC
   1. Allows an Organization to connect resources from multiple projects to a common VPC network
   2. Resources communicates with each other using internal IPs
   3. Use
      1. Within the same organization
      2. Across projects
5. VPC Peering
   1. Allows private RFC 1918 connectivity across two VCP networks, regardless of whether they belong to the same project or the same organization
   2. Use
      1. Across organizations
      2. Within projects