1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
   1. 1948 Does not explicitly address climate change or environmental issues. But their principles have been interpreted and applied to address them.
   2. Protection of the Right to Life and Security: This focuses on how climate change-related threats (extreme weather, rising sea levels, loss of biodiversity, etc.) can endanger these rights. The aim is to mitigate these risks, safeguarding people's lives and well-being.
      1. Article 3
   3. Right to Health and Well-being: Safeguard the right to an adequate standard of living by addressing climate change's impacts on food security, water availability, housing, and health.
      1. Article 25
2. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
   1. 1966 Guarantee civil and political rights, including the right to life, freedom of expression, and the right to participate in public affairs. Provides a framework in the context of environmental challenges.
   2. Protection of the Right to Life: Safeguard this fundamental right by addressing both direct and indirect threats posed by climate change, extreme weather events, and other environmental hazards.
      1. Article 6
   3. Ensuring non-discrimination and protection of vulnerable groups: Climate change impacts are not distributed equally. Therefore, states need to adopt inclusive and equitable climate policies to protect the rights of all individuals, particularly the most vulnerable such as indigenous peoples, women, and low-income communities.
      1. Article 2
      2. Article 26
   4. Promotion of the Right to Participate in Public Affairs: Ensuring that communities and individuals have the opportunity to engage in the decision-making process (formulation, implementation, and monitoring) related to climate policies and actions.
      1. Article 25
3. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
   1. 1966 Its provisions are interpreted to address the challenges posed by climate change, particularly as these affect the fulfillment of basic economic, social and cultural rights.
   2. Protection of the right to an adequate standard of living: This encompasses access to sufficient food, clothing, and housing. Climate change poses a significant threat to food security, clean water availability, and suitable housing. Consequently, governments should implement measures to ensure all individuals have access to these vital resources.
      1. Article 11
   3. Right to Health: Protect the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health by mitigating the health impacts of climate change, including extreme weather events, air pollution, and the spread of diseases.
      1. Article 12
   4. Advancement of the Right to Education and Cultural Participation: Ensure that states protect access to education and cultural life by incorporating climate change education and safeguarding cultural heritage from climate impacts.
      1. Article 13
      2. Article 15
4. Regional Human Rights Instruments
   1. European Convention on Human Rights
   2. American Convention on Human Rights
   3. Arab Charter on Human Rights
   4. African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights
   5. Association of Southeast Asian Nations Human Rights Declaration