- neurotransmitter molecules are contained in synaptic vessicles
- only one cell has receptors
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synapses
- the region of communication between neurons
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electrical synapse
- current passes directly from one neuron to next
- the recieving neuron is stimulated quickly at the same frequency
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chemical synapse
- current has to stop at synaptic terminal
- current is not transmitted from cell to cell
- information is transmitted
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synaptic cleft
- only in chemical synapses
- small space between recieving and transmitting neuron
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when current reaches here
- signal is converted
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converted into chemical signal
- neurotransmitter
- chemical signal will generate an action potential in recieving cell
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chemical synapse
- action potential arrives at the synaptic terminal
- the arrived action potential triggers chemical changes that cause some of the vessicles to fuse with the plasma membrane of the cell their in
- neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft by exocytosis
- in some cases the neurotransmitters bind to receptors in the recieving cell
- the binding of neurotransmitters opens chemically gated ion channels, when open ions can diffuse into the recieving cell
- neurotransmitter is broken down or sent back to signalling cell
- differs in each chemical synapse