1. Introduction
    1. Literacy
      1. as a form of
        1. CULTURAL POLITICS
      2. functions to
        1. empower people
        2. disempower people
      3. serves
        1. Reproduce
          1. existing
          2. SOCIAL formations
        2. Produce
          1. a set of CULTURAL practices
          2. promotes
          3. Democratic Change
          4. Emancipatory Change
      4. viewed
        1. NOT as
          1. Cultural Reproduction
          2. Development of
          3. SKILLS
          4. acquiring
          5. Dominant Standard Language
        2. Meaningful as
          1. Cultural Production
          2. Integral Part of
          3. the way People
          4. 1 PRODUCE
          5. 2 TRANSFORM Mediating
          6. 3 REPRODUCE Comfirming
          7. MEANING
    2. He Argues
      1. use of
        1. Native Languages
          1. in Litcy Prog
          2. Emancipatory Pedgy
          3. Critical appropriation
          4. own
          5. culture
          6. history
          7. Language
        2. Portuguese Language
          1. Reproduction of
          2. Neocolonialist
          3. elitist Mentality
  2. EX-PORTUGUESE COLONIES
    1. in Africa
    2. Educational Policies
      1. to Stamp out
        1. Illiteracy
      2. eradicate
        1. Colonial Educational Legacy
    3. Education
      1. is
        1. 1 discriminatory
        2. 2 Mediocre
        3. 3 Verbalism Based
      2. not for
        1. National Reconstruction
      3. Schooling
        1. Divorced from
          1. REALITY
        2. is
          1. AntiDemocratic in
          2. 1 Methods
          3. 2 Content
          4. 3 Objectives
    4. After Independence
      1. Schools
        1. Decolonization of
        2. Re-Africanization of
        3. to appropriate
          1. H/C/L
        4. To Study OWN
          1. struggle
          2. for Liberation
          3. Resistance
          4. History
          5. Geography
        5. Mentality
      2. Radical Pedagogy
        1. Language Vs
          1. African?
          2. Protuguese?
          3. if
          4. Neocolonialist Literacy
          5. eliminating
          6. illiteracy
          7. Difficult
          8. Reappropriate
          9. African culture
          10. Q
          11. Language of the Colonizer
          12. concerns
          13. Functional Literacy
          14. prey to
          15. Positivistic approach
          16. Instrumental approach
          17. Mechanical Acquisition
          18. Of Protuguese
    5. Schools 1975
      1. purpose
        1. Deculturation
          1. of natives
        2. Acculturated
          1. into Predefined colonial Model
      2. are
        1. Political Sites
          1. Produce/ Reproduce
          2. a Class
          3. b Gender
          4. c Racial
          5. INEQUITIES
      3. Inculcate
        1. African
          1. Beliefs
          2. Myths
      4. denied/ belittled
        1. 1 Lived experiences
        2. 2 History
        3. 3 Culture
        4. 4 Language
      5. Function to secure
        1. Social
        2. Idiological
        3. Reproduction of
          1. Capital
          2. Institution
          3. capital Accumulation
          4. Reproduction of the Labor force
          5. like
          6. Low Level Functionaries
          7. Belief- Becoming white
          8. as Superior to African Peasants
          9. as "white"or "Black" with white solus
      6. purifying
        1. i. Deep rooted ignorance
        2. ii. Savage culture
        3. iii. Bastardized Language
  3. Politics of Emancipatory Literacy
    1. I Various Approaches
    2. 2 Role of Language
    3. 3 Literacy Approach
      1. dynamics of
        1. Critical Pedag
        2. Radi Pedag
      2. allow
        1. Oppressed
          1. to re-create their
          2. History/ Culture/ Language
  4. Approaches to Literacy AUCR
    1. Traditional Ap
      1. deeply ingrained in
        1. positivistic method
          1. of
          2. inquiry
          3. is
          4. Scientific Rigor
          5. methodological refinedment
          6. ignores
          7. Interrelationship
          8. Sociopolitical Structures
          9. Act of Reading
          10. finally
          11. Readers as
          12. are
          13. empty conscious body
          14. filled by
          15. Teachers
          16. objects
          17. Cultural Reproduction
      2. 1 Academic Ap
        1. two fold
          1. I) Well-Educated Man
          2. learn
          3. Classics
          4. Articulate
          5. in Spoken/ Written
          6. Actively engaged in
          7. Intellectual Pursuits
          8. acquisition of
          9. Predefined
          10. knowledge
          11. Latin/ Greek Classics
          12. II) High Standards
          13. for masses/ Working class
          14. Acquisition of
          15. Reading skills
          16. Vocabulary Dev
          17. Decoding skills
        2. ignores
          1. H/Lived Exp/L
        3. over emphasizes
          1. Mastery
          2. of
          3. Reading/Writing/Vocabulary
          4. Classical Literature
        4. Reproduction of
          1. Dominant
          2. meaning
          3. values
      3. 2 Utilitarian Ap
        1. focus
          1. Basic Reading
          2. requirements of
          3. contemporary Society
          4. Mechanical
        2. Q?
          1. Critical Analysis
          2. of
          3. social
          4. political order
        3. ignored
          1. critical Thinking
          2. culture
          3. power
        4. Functional Literacy
          1. for
          2. Technological society
          3. as
          4. Advanced Industrialised
          5. UNESCO for
          6. Economic
          7. betterment
          8. job
          9. Meeting
          10. Basic Reading Demand
          11. of our
          12. Industrialised Society
      4. 3 Cognitive Dev Ap
        1. Mastery of
          1. Reading skills
          2. seen
          3. Intellectual Process
          4. through
          5. fixed
          6. value-free
          7. Universal Stages of Development
        2. Readers as
          1. OBJECTS
        3. Stresses
          1. Construction of MEANING
          2. through
          3. Problem-Solving process
          4. Readers engage in
          5. Dialectial Interaction
          6. through
          7. Objective World
          8. Themselves
        4. Cognitive Dev
          1. Simple to Complex
          2. Dev New cognitive Structure
        5. fail to consider
          1. Content for Reading
          2. emphasis on Process
          3. students able to
          4. Analyse/ Critique
          5. increased level of
          6. complexity
          7. issues raised in
          8. text
      5. 4 Romantic Ap
        1. based on
          1. Interactionist Appr
          2. focus
          3. Construction of
          4. MEANING
          5. not b/w
          6. Author/ Reader
          7. by Readers
        2. emphasizes
          1. AFFECTIVE
          2. emotional
          3. fulfillent of
          4. SELF -/ affirmation
          5. for
          6. joy
          7. Pleasure
          8. Jouful Experience
          9. Release of
          10. Tension
        3. fails
          1. class conflict
          2. gender
          3. racial / structural inequalities
          4. ignores
          5. Cultural capital of
          6. Subordinate Groups
        4. Assuems
          1. All have SAME Access
        5. fails to see
          1. Link b/w
          2. Reading
          3. Asymmetrical Relations of POWER
    2. All appr Fail to provide
      1. Empowering HISTORICAL agents
        1. with
          1. logic of individual
          2. collective self-determination
      2. ignored
        1. Role of Language
          1. for construction of
          2. HUMAN subjectivities
  5. Role of Language in Literacy
    1. linguistic context
      1. Asymmetrical POWER Relations
      2. Debate
        1. Language of Instruction
          1. vs
          2. Portuguese Lang
          3. has
          4. International Status
          5. Provides
          6. Access to Political/ Economic Power
          7. for
          8. high echelon of African Society
          9. screen out
          10. Majority
          11. who fail
          12. to learn Portu..
          13. Native Languages
          14. dev
          15. self worth
          16. own voice
          17. empowerment
          18. positive
          19. self-concept
          20. Readers as Subjects
          21. faster/ better
          22. comprehension
          23. Educators say
          24. which Dialect?
          25. lack of
          26. Orthographic Uniformity
      3. GRAMSCI
        1. Reorganization of
          1. Cultural Hegemony
      4. eg: US
        1. social reality? vs
        2. asymmetrical power relations
  6. EMANCIPATORY LITERACY
    1. Revolutionary Plan
      1. to reconstruct NEW & MORE
        1. More Democratic
          1. 1. Societies
          2. 2. Educators
          3. 3. Political Leaders
    2. Educational Praxis
      1. ==>Ideas/ Theory==>
      2. ==>Action==>
      3. ==>Reflection==>
    3. both
      1. Reading skills
      2. Critical understanding
        1. of reality
        2. Critical Reflection
    4. Dialectical Relationship
      1. with Dominant Group
        1. to LIBERATE
          1. self
          2. oppressor
          3. for Critical Consciousness
    5. Elite model Creates
      1. Intellectualists/ Technocrats
      2. than
        1. Intellectuals/ Technicians
    6. Critical Tool to reclaim Recreate Reappropriate
      1. for
        1. 1 Reflection
        2. 2 Critical Thinking
        3. 3 Social Interaction
      2. Our OWN
        1. History /Culture /Language