1. Findings: The Voice of Outstanding Clinical Instructors
   1. Resume Sort
      1. 6 Main Categories of Activities CI felt were Influential/Contributed to their learning & development as a CI
         1. Formal Education Preparation
         2. Professional Membership & Activities
         3. Work Experiences
         4. Continuing Education
         5. Honors & Awards
         6. Community Service
      2. Most Influential Activities
         1. Professional Memberships & Activities
         2. Formal Educational Preparation
         3. Work Experiences
      3. Somewhat Influential Activities
   2. Clinical Instructor Interviews
      1. Exemplars
         1. 3 forms of Reflection:
            1. Reflection on action
            2. assessing their teaching after a perceived failure
            3. Reflection for action (anticipatory reflection)
            4. planning for future teaching in light of past experience
            5. Reflection in action
            6. assessing & trying to adapt teaching in the moment in the context of a teaching/learning activity that did not seem to be going well
      2. Influential People
         1. 3 Categories of People who Influenced their learning & development:
            1. Teachers/Professional colleagues
            2. Students
            3. Patients
         2. Teachers & Professional Colleagues
         3. Students
         4. Patients
      3. Beliefs about Student Learning & Clinical Teaching
      4. Teaching Philosophy & Teaching Style
      5. Ideal Student vs Challenging Student
      6. Ethical Distress in Clin Ed
      7. Take home Message for Learners
      8. Advice for Novice Clinical Instructors
2. Findings: The Voice of Students
   1. Description of Exemplar
   2. Teaching Philosophy & Teaching Style
      1. 3 Primary Themes STudents described as the Teaching Philosophy & Style of their CI:
         1. Team Approach to teaching-learning
         2. Asking vs Telling
         3. Teacher as Guide & Facilitator
      2. "there always had to be a rationale, a reason (for what you are doing) and your thought processes"
      3. Their CI worked at.... First establishing where I am at, then figuring out where I need to be, & in exploring how to get there – prioritized what I wanted to learn from my clinical right from the start
   3. Teaching Strats or Techniques
   4. Characteristics, Attributes & Behaviors of Clinical Instructors
      1. Personal & Professional Characteristics & Attributes: Ways of Being"
         1. – Respectful & nonjudgmental of students, patients, colleagues & others – accessible & approachable; personable – open & receptive to student ideas and present ideas of others – positive professional role model; an advocate for the patient's & the profession – knowledgeable & committed to continued advancement of knowledge & skills; respected by colleagues – caring & compassionate; patient
      2. Personal & Professional Behaviors: "Ways of Doing"
         1. – Treated students as colleagues; each learner & patient as unique – she never once made it seem that I wasn't important – available when needed; invited questions & asked about learners needs & goals – asked for & values students opinions & ideas & those of others – engaged in professional organizations & activities; serve as an advocate for patients – sought evidence to support the practice; participate in continuing education & shared learning with others – attentive & responsive listener; was patient & caring in interactions with students, their patients & caregivers
   5. Most Challenging Experiences
   6. Take HOme Message & Lessons Learned
      1. – Keep asking yourself questions & have a rationale for what you're doing – always further your knowledge, tried to know more & do more – view the patient as a whole & not just the diagnosis they came in for – be honest about prognosis but be hopeful – professionalism: be involved in other aspects of PT (beyond direct patient care)
3. Findings: Paired Clinical Instructor & Student Data
4. Concluding Thoughts: Making Sense & Creating Meaning