1. Designing a Structure
   1. decide how to divide tasks
   2. decide the basis on which to group individual jobs
   3. decide appropriate size of groups
   4. distribute authority among the jobs
2. Division of Labor
   1. Personal specialties
   2. natural sequence of work
   3. vertical plane
3. Delegation of Authority
   1. Reasons to decentralize
      1. Succession planning
      2. Competition
      3. Autonomy satisfies desire to participate
   2. Reasons to centralize
      1. Reduce formal training expense
      2. resistance to delegation
      3. adminsitrative costs
      4. eliminate duplication of function
   3. Decision guidelines
4. Departmental Bases
   1. Functional Departmentalization
   2. geographic departmentalization
   3. product departmentalization
   4. Customer departmentalization
5. Span of Control
   1. Required contact
   2. degree of specialization
   3. ability to communicate
6. Dimensions of structure
   1. formalization
      1. high specialization of labor
      2. high delegation of authority
      3. jobs within departments have a lot of similarities
      4. wide span of control, little 1:1
   2. centralization
   3. complexity
7. Design models
   1. Mechanistic model
      1. Principle of Specialisation
      2. Principle of Unity of Direction
      3. principle of Authority and Responsibility
      4. Scalat Chain principle
      5. Bureaucracy
   2. Organic Model
      1. relatively simple
      2. relatively decentralized
      3. relatively informal
   3. Matrix Model
      1. Pros
         1. efficient use of resources
         2. flexibility in conditions of change
         3. technical excellence
         4. free top management for planning
         5. improve motivation and commitment
         6. provides opportunity for development
      2. Forms
         1. task force
         2. teams
         3. product managers
         4. product management departments
8. Multinational Structure
9. Virtual Organizations
   1. realities
      1. transaction cost theories
      2. face-to-face interactions
      3. design implications
10. Boundaryless Orgnanizations