1. Electrolytes
   1. conduct electricity
   2. electric cell
      1. resistor/ rheostat
         1. constant current
      2. bulb
         1. shows current
      3. anode
         1. +ve electrode
         2. attract anions
         3. -ve ions
      4. cathode
         1. -ve charge
         2. attract cations
         3. +ve ions
      5. ions
         1. free to move
         2. molten
         3. dissolved in water
      6. battery
         1. DC voltage
   3. Faraday
      1. one mole of electrons
2. change
   1. anions
      1. release electrons
      2. oxidation
      3. ionic half equation
         1. 2Cl- (aq) ---> Cl2 (g) + 2e-
      4. form molecules
         1. Cl2
         2. Br2
      5. non-metal
   2. cations
      1. gain electrons
      2. reduction
      3. ionic half equation
         1. Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- ---> Cu (s)
      4. form metal atoms
         1. Al
         2. Cu
      5. metal
   3. provides evidence for ionic theory
3. Copper
   1. purification
   2. anode
      1. impure copper
      2. Cu (s) ---> Cu2+ (aq) + 2e-
      3. impurities
         1. fall out of anode to bottom of beaker
   3. electrolyte
      1. copper(II) sulphate
   4. cathode
      1. Cu2+ (aq) + 2e- ---> Cu (s)
      2. pure copper
   5. 1 mole Cu(II) ions reacts with 2 Faradays of electrons
4. Sodium Chloride
   1. sodium metal
   2. chlorine gas
   3. both very reactive
      1. keep apart
   4. only way of making sodium metal
5. Brine
   1. diaphragm cell
      1. electodes in layers
      2. prevent Cl & H
         1. mixing
         2. reacting
   2. chlor-alkali industry
6. metal extraction
   1. molten compound
      1. magnesium chloride
      2. sodium chloride
      3. aluminium oxide
7. Electroplating
   1. thin film metal
      1. steel
         1. cost effective
            1. silver
            2. gold
            3. chromium
         2. change properties
            1. steel can
            2. tin plating
            3. unreactive
            4. steel not rust