1. Molecule
   1. Molecules form when two or more atoms form chemical bonds with each other. It doesn't matter if the atoms are the same or are different from each other.
      1. O2, H2, N2
      2. H2O, CO2, CH4
   2. Compound
      1. A compound (which is a molecule) where two or more DIFFERENT atoms join together chemically, with covalent or ionic bonds. CO2, H2O, CH4
      2. Ionic Compond
         1. In chemistry, an ionic compound is a chemical compound in which ions are held together in a lattice structure by ionic bonds. The positively charged ions are called cations and the negatively charged ions are called anions.
         2. between
            1. metals
            2. non-metals
         3. electron transfer
            1. ions formed
            2. +ve cation
            3. -ve anions
            4. electostatic forces of attraction
            5. giant structure
            6. lattice
            7. solid (room temperature)
            8. not conduct electricity
            9. dissolve in water
            10. aqueous state
            11. conduct electricity
            12. high melting point
            13. high boiling point
      3. Covalent (Molecular) Compound
         1. structure
            1. giant compound
            2. covalent bonds
            3. giant structure
            4. high boiling point
            5. silicon
            6. water
            7. hydrogen bonds
            8. molecular covalent compound
            9. 2/3 elements
            10. covalent bonds
            11. intermolecular forces
            12. weak
            13. low melting point
            14. low boiling point
            15. dependent upon elements
         2. between
            1. non-metals
         3. electon sharing
         4. bad conductors of electricity
            1. if at all
            2. EXCEPT GRAPHITE
            3. hexagonal planes
            4. sea of electrons between layers
            5. delocalised electrons
            6. carbon
         5. state
            1. usually
            2. liquid
            3. gas
            4. brittle
            5. good insulators of heat
         6. covalent bonds
2. Hydrogen Bonding
   1. special case of intramolecular bonding
      1. highly electro negative atoms
         1. Oxygen
         2. Flourine
         3. Nitrogen
   2. bond polarity
      1. difference between
         1. electronegativity
            1. ability to attract negative charge
            2. electrons
         2. between bond atoms
   3. chemical bond
      1. region occupied by electrons
         1. electrons in constant motion
      2. between nuclei
      3. high electropositive bonded to high electronegative
         1. electrons
            1. more time near electronegative
            2. build up of charge
            3. less time near electropositve
            4. electron deficient
            5. build up positive charge
         2. polar molecule
            1. partial charges
            2. electrostatic attraction
            3. molecules pack close together
            4. hard to separate
   4. hydrogen
      1. donates electron
         1. becomes positive charge in space
         2. attracts anion
         3. O, N, F
            1. hold electrons close to nucleus
         4. high polar bonds
   5. Hydrogen Bond
      1. electrostatic attraction
         1. hydrogen atom
         2. lone pair of electrons
      2. not true bonds
      3. aggregate of atoms
         1. stuck together by attractive forces
   6. water
      1. hydrogen bond
         1. molecules "stick" together
         2. free ions
            1. good solvent
         3. partial charges
            1. oxygen partial negative
            2. hydrogen partial positve
         4. liquid
            1. attractive forces
            2. cohesion
            3. water beads on a surface
            4. attractive forces between atoms
            5. adhesion
            6. attraction to other things
            7. glass (SiO2)
            8. O attracted to ions in glass
         5. freezing
            1. polar charge
            2. repel
            3. expand
      2. inter or intra molecular bonds
         1. Water is a polar molecule, and its intramolecular bonds are polar covalent. To put it simply, the bonding is covalent, and not ionic, because both hydrogen and oxygen are nonmetals (at standard temperature and pressure). It is a polar molecule because of its molecular shape and because of the disparity in the electronegativities of hydrogen and oxygen. In fact, because hydrogen is so much less electronegative than oxygen, there is a strong intermolecular force known as hydrogen bonding present in water. Hydrogen bonding is an exceptional case of dipole-dipole interactions.
         2. Intermolecular - Hydrogen bonding (we can see there's an H and the Oxygen.
         3. Intramolecular: covalent; nonmetals
3. int_ER_molecular Forces
   1. Intermolecular forces are forces of attraction or repulsion which act between neighboring particles (atoms, molecules or ions). They are weak compared to the intramolecular forces, the forces which keep a molecule together.
      1. e.g covalent bonds of HCl are stronger than bonds between the molecules
   2. forces between molecules
   3. relatively weak
   4. 2 or more molecules
      1. Hydrogen Bond
         1. is this intERmolecular as the bond polarity causing hydrogen bond is between molecules.
4. int_RA_molecular Forces
   1. An intramolecular force is any force that holds together the atoms making up a molecule or compound.[1] They contain all types of chemical bond. They are stronger than intermolecular forces, which are present between atoms or molecules that are not actually bonded.
      1. Hydrophobic Interactions
      2. Ionic Bonds
         1. metal + nonmetal
      3. Covalent Bond
         1. nonmetal + nonmetal
      4. Metalic
         1. delocalised electrons
   2. forces within molecules
   3. one molecule
      1. covalent bonds between O & H in water?
   4. strong forces