1. Sodium Chloride
   1. NaCl
   2. common salt
      1. preserve foods
      2. flavour foods
      3. maintain health
   3. location
      1. oceans / seas
      2. land deposites
         1. once covered in oceans
   4. extraction
      1. hot climates
         1. sea water in open tanks
         2. heat evaporates water
      2. land deposites
         1. underground
         2. mined
            1. purified
            2. dissolve in water
            3. sodium chloride solution
            4. brine
         3. solution mining
            1. deposits deep under ground
            2. water pumped down under pressure
            3. water dissolves sodium chloride
            4. brine forced out by pressure of water
2. Electrolysis of Sodium Chloride
   1. NaCl dissolves
      1. ions separate
         1. NaCl (Aq) ---> Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
      2. ions from water
         1. H2O (l) <---> H+(aq) + OH-(aq)
   2. cathode
      1. sodium more reactive than hydrogen
         1. hence hydrogen ions are changed
      2. 2H+(aq) + 2e- ---> H2(g)
         1. REDUCTION of H+
            1. RIG : gain of electrons
            2. Loss of oxygen
      3. hydrogen gas
   3. anode
      1. chloride ions changed
      2. 2Cl- (aq) ---> Cl2(g) + 2e-
         1. Oxidation of Cl-
            1. OIL : loss of electrons
            2. Gain of oxygen
      3. chlorine gas
   4. remaining solution
      1. Na+ and OH-
         1. sodium hydroxide solution
         2. NaOH (aq)
      2. sodium hydroxide
   5. CHLOR-ALKALI INDUSTRY
      1. large scale production
         1. chlorine
         2. hydrogen
         3. sodium hydroxide
3. Chlor-alkali Industry
   1. large scale production
      1. chlorine
      2. hydrogen
      3. sodium hydroxide
      4. Membrane Cell : ensure they do not mix.
         1. NaOCl [sodium chlorate (I)] : bleach
   2. membrane cell
4. uses of chlorine
   1. Trench warfare WWI (1914-18)
5. uses hydrogen
   1. making
      1. nylon
      2. margarine
      3. hydrogen peroxide
      4. ammonia
6. Uses Sodium Hydroxide
   1. purifying natural gas
   2. sewage treatment
   3. degreasing metals
   4. making
      1. paper
      2. soaps/detergents
      3. aluminium