1. acid
   1. metal atom replaces hydrogen ion
2. salt name
   1. 2 parts
      1. metal
         1. cation
            1. positive ion
      2. part showing acid used
         1. anion
            1. negative ion
      3. sodium chloride (NaCl)
      4. copper (II) sulphate
         1. Cu2+ + SO4 2- ---> CuSO4
   2. Hydrochloric (HCl)
      1. chloride (Cl-)
   3. nitric (HNO3)
      1. nitrate (NO3-)
   4. sulphuric (H2SO4)
      1. sulphate (SO4 2-)
   5. phosphoric (H3PO4)
      1. phosphate (PO4 3-)
3. crystals
   1. shape
      1. water of crystallisation
      2. copper (II) sulphate crystals
         1. CuSO4.5H2O
         2. FeSO4.7H2O
4. Making Soluble Salts
   1. A (acid) + A (alkali)
      1. HCl(aq) + NaOH (aq) ---> NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)
   2. A (acid) + B (base)
      1. H2SO4 (aq) + CuO (s) ---> CuSO4 (aq) H2O (l)
   3. A (acid) + C (carbonate)
      1. 2HNO3 (aq) + CuCO3 (s) ---> Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + H2O (l)+ CO2 (g)
   4. A (acid) + M (metal)
      1. 2HCl (aq) + Mg (s) ---> MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
   5. neutralisation
      1. Arrhenius' theory
      2. H+ (aq) + OH- (aq) ---> H2O (l)
   6. TITRATION
      1. acis (aq) + alkali (aq) ---> a salt (aq) + water (l)
      2. indicator
         1. shows end of reaction
      3. calculate moles of reactants
5. Arrhenius Acid - Base Theory
   1. The Arrhenius acid-base concept classifies a substance as an acid if it produces hydrogen ions H(+) or hydronium ions in water. A substance is classified as a base if it produces hydroxide ions OH(-) in water
6. Bronsted-Lowry Acid-Base Concept
   1. classifies a substance as an acid if it acts as a proton donor, and as a base if it acts as a proton acceptor.
7. Lewis Acid-Base Concept
   1. The Lewis theory classifies a substance as an acid if it acts as an electron-pair acceptor and as a base if it acts as an electron-pair donor