1. Christian DOCTRINES
    1. God
      1. A. His Being.
        1. I. Attributes
          1. 1. Self Existence
          2. 1. Self Existence. Life in Himself; underived; inexhaustible
          3. 2. Spirituality, God is a Spirit
          4. 3. Unity. The only God
          5. 4. Eternity
          6. 4. Eternity. Unlimited by time
          7. 5. Immutability
          8. 5. Immutability. Unchangeable in nature, or purpose
          9. 6. Omnipresence
          10. 6. Omnipresence. Unlimited by space
          11. 7. Omniscience
          12. 7. Omniscience. Cognizant of all things
          13. 8. Wisdom
          14. 8. Wisdom. God realises the best designs by the best possible means
          15. 9. Omnipotence
          16. 9. Omnipotence. In the truest sense nothing is impossible.
          17. 10. Holiness
          18. 10. Holiness. Absolute moral purity. Can neither sin nor tolerate sin
          19. 11. Justice
          20. 11. Justice. Demands righteousness deals righteously toward them
          21. 12. Goodness
          22. 13. Faithfulness
          23. 13. Faithfulness. Absolutely trustworthy. His words will not fail
        2. II. The Trinity.
          1. General
          2. By the Trinity is meant the unity of three persons in one Godhead; Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
          3. Representing God as one, the Scriptures also ascribe divinity to Father, Son and Holy Spirit.
          4. Course of the Argument
          5. 1. God is one. Unity is ascribed to God.
          6. 2. The Father is divine: a distinct person.
          7. 2. The Father is divine and a distinct person. The Word “Father” is used in the Scriptures in a two-fold sense in relation to the Godhead: sometimes as equivalent to God, sometimes to the first person of the Trinity.
          8. 3. The Son is divine: a distinct person.
          9. 3. The Son divine, a distinct person from the Father.
          10. a. Christ pre-existent. Existed as a distinct person before He came into the world. Micah 5:2; John 8:56-58; 17:5; 1 Corinthians 15:47; Philippians 2:6, 7; Colossians 1:17; 1 John 1:1; Revelation 22:13, 16 (read 13 & 16 together)
          11. b. Not merely pre-existent, but pre-eminent, above all things except the Father, co-eternal with the Father. Matthew 11:27; 28:18; Luke 20:41-44; John 3:13, 31; Acts 10:36; Romans 14:9; Ephesians 1:20-22; Philippians 2:9, 10; Colossians 1:15, 17, 18; Hebrews 1:4-6; 1 Peter 3:22; Revelation 1:5; 3:14
          12. c. Creator of the universe. John 1:3; Colossians 1:16; Hebrews 1:2, 10
          13. d. Divine attributes ascribed to Him
          14. (1). Omnipotence. Isaiah 9:6; Matthew 28:18; John 10:17, 18; 11:25; 1 Corinthians 1:24; Philippians 3:21; Colossians 2:10; 2 Timothy 1:10; Hebrews 1:3; Revelation 1:8
          15. (2). Omnipresence. Matthew 18:20; 28:20; Ephesians 1:23
          16. (3). Eternity. Micah 5:2; John 1:1; Revelation 1:8
          17. (4). Omniscience. Matthew 11:27; Luke 10:22; John 2:24, 25; 21:17; Acts 1:24; Colossians 2:3; Revelation 2:23
          18. e. The divine name is applied to Him as to no other being except the Father, implying supreme divinity. Psalm 102:24, 25; Hebrews 1:8-10; Isaiah 7:14; 9:6; Malachi 3:1; Matthew 1:23; John 1:1; 20:28; Acts 20:28; Romans 9:5; Ephesians 5:5; Philippians 2:6; Colossians 2:9; Titus 1:3; 2:13; Hebrews 1:8-10; Psalm 102:24, 25; 2 Peter 1:1; 1 John 5:20; Revelation 17:14; 19:16
          19. f. Exhibited in the Scriptures as the object of religious worship. Matthew 2:11; 14:33; 15:25; Luke 24:52; John 5:23; Acts 7:59, 60; 1 Corinthians 1:2; 2 Corinthians 12:8, 9; Galatians 1:5; Philippians 2:10; 1 Thessalonians 3:11, 12; 2 Timothy 4:18; Hebrews 1:6; Psalm 97:7; 2 Peter 3:18; Revelation 5:13
          20. 4. The Holy Spirit is divine: a distinct person.
          21. 4. The Holy Spirit is divine and a distinct person from the Father and the Son
          22. a. The Holy Spirit is divine. Called the Spirit of the Father, the Spirit of the Son, the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of truth, the Spirit of life. Genesis 1:2; 6:3; Nehemiah 9:30; Isaiah 63:10; Ezekiel 36:27, 28; Acts 2:16, 17; Joel 2:28; Matthew 10:20; Luke 12:12; John 14:16, 17; 15:26; Acts 5:3, 4; 28:25; Romans 8:14; 1 Corinthians 3:16; Galatians 4:6; Ephesians 1:13; 1 Thessalonians 4:8; Hebrews 2:4; 1 Peter 1:2
          23. b. Is distinct from Father and Son, and is personal. The personal pronoun He applied to Him; personal acts ascribed to Him. Matthew 3:16, 17; 28:19; Mark 1:10, 11; Luke 3:21, 22; John 14:26; 15:26; 16:13; Acts 13:2, 4; 15:28; Romans 8:26; 1 Corinthians 12:11
          24. c. Converting, regenerating power ascribed to Him. Nehemiah 9:20; Isaiah 44:3; Ezekiel 36:26, 27; 37:14; Joel 2:28; Matthew 3:11; John 3:5, 6; 14:26; Acts 9:31; Romans 8:9, 11, 14; 1 Corinthians 6:11; 2 Corinthians 1:22; 5:5; Galatians 4:6; 5:22; Ephesians 1:13; 3:16; 1 Thessalonians 1:6; 2 Thessalonians 2:13; Titus 3:5; 1 Peter 1:2; 1 John 3:24; Revelation 22:17
          25. 5. The Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are classed together, separately from all other beings.
          26. 5. The Father, Son, and Spirit are classed together, separately from all other beings, as divine. Matthew 28:19; Romans 8:9, 14-17; 2 Corinthians 13:14; 1 Peter 1:2; Jude 1:20, 21
          27. Result of the Biblical evidence in respect to the divinity of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
          28. a. That the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are personally distinguished from each other. There is recognized throughout a personal relation of the Father and Son to each other. So of the Holy Spirit to both.
          29. b. They each have divine names and attributes.
          30. c. Yet there is only one God. —H. B. Smith
      2. B. His Works.
        1. I. Creation.
          1. 1. The Scriptures represent God as the Creator of the universe.
          2. 2. Creation voluntary on God’s part
        2. II. Providence.
          1. 1. The universe as such is the object of conservation. What God has brought into being is continued in existence by His omnipresent agency. Nehemiah 9:6; Psalm 36:6; 66:9; Isaiah 63:9; Acts 17:28; Colossians 1:17; Hebrews 1:3
          2. 2. That part of creation which is the subject of wants is the object of ceaseless providential care. Genesis 48:15; 2 Samuel 22:2, 3; Psalm 23:5; 147:9; Proverbs 16:9; Matthew 5:45; 6:26, 30; Luke 12:6, 7; Acts 14:17; 1 Peter 5:7
          3. 3. That part of creation which consists of intelligent or probationary creatures is the object of providential government. Psalm 37:23; 66:12; Proverbs 16:7, 9; Isaiah 33:22; Daniel 4:17; Matthew 6:33; 7:24-27; Mark 10:29, 30; Luke 6:47-49; Acts 5:38, 39; Romans 8:28; James 4:12
        3. III. Angels.
          1. 1. Existence and nature
          2. a. Genesis 18:19; 32:1, 2
          3. b. Genesis 3:24; Job 38:7; Revelation 12:9
          4. c. Psalm 103:20; Matthew 13:41; 24:36; 25:31; 1 Corinthians 13:1; 2 Thessalonians 1:7
          5. 2. Orders. There appear to be various orders of angels
          6. 3. Number. Exceedingly great
          7. 4. Employment.
          8. a. Adore the presence of God, serve Him, and are happy in His service. Matthew 18:10; 1 Peter 1:12; Revelation 5:11
          9. b. Employed in works of providence and in greater work of redemption.
          10. (1). Genesis 28:12; Psalm 34:7; 91:11, 12; Matthew 18:10; Acts 5:19; 12:7; 27:23; Hebrews 1:13, 14
          11. (2). Acts 7:53; Galatians 3:19; Hebrews 2:2
          12. (3). 2 Kings 19:35; 1 Chronicles 21:16; Acts 12:23
          13. (4). Luke 2:10, 11; Mark 1:13; Luke 22:43; Matthew 28:2-4; John 20:12; Acts 1:10, 11
          14. (5). Matthew 13:49, 50; 24:31; 25:31; 1 Thessalonians 4:16, 17; 2 Thessalonians 1
          15. (1). Genesis 28:12; Psalm 34:7; 91:11, 12; Matthew 18:10; Acts 5:19; 12:7; 27:23; Hebrews 1:13, 14
          16. (2). Acts 7:53; Galatians 3:19; Hebrews 2:2
          17. (3). 2 Kings 19:35; 1 Chronicles 21:16; Acts 12:23
          18. (4). Luke 2:10, 11; Mark 1:13; Luke 22:43; Matthew 28:2-4; John 20:12; Acts 1:10, 11
          19. (5). Matthew 13:49, 50; 24:31; 25:31; 1 Thessalonians 4:16, 17; 2 Thessalonians 1
          20. 5. Character. As to moral character, divided into two great classes.
          21. a. The good. Psalm 103:20; Luke 9:26; 1 Timothy 5:21
          22. b. The bad. Matthew 12:24-27; Ephesians 2:2; 6:12; 1 Timothy 4:1
          23. 6. Satan, the chief of the fallen angels.
          24. a. Names applied to him. Satan
          25. b. Personality. Matthew 4:1-11; John 8:44; 2 Corinthians 11:3, 14
          26. c. Other evil angels subordinated to him. Matthew 12:24-28; Luke 10:18; Ephesians 2:2; 6:12; Revelation 9:11; 20:2
          27. d. Power and work of Satan and his angels
          28. (1). Matthew 4:1-11; 1 Corinthians 5:5; 2 Corinthians 4:4; 11:14; Ephesians 6:11, 12; 2 Thessalonians 2:9, 10; 1 Timothy 3:7; Hebrews 2:14; Revelation 12:9
          29. (2). Prominent examples of temptation. Adam and Eve. David. Christ. Judas. Ananias and Sapphira.
          30. (3). Demoniacs were persons possessed of demons, agents of Satan.
          31. 7. Cherubim and Seraphim
          32. a. Some hold that the cherubim are real, personal creatures; others that they are ideal beings.
          33. b. Seraphim. Mentioned only in Isa. 6. Probably the same as cherubim.
    2. Man
      1. I. Man was Created.
        1. I. Man was Created. Genesis 1:27; Exodus 20:11; Proverbs 20:12; Isaiah 45:12; Jeremiah 27:5; Zechariah 12:1; 1 Corinthians 11:9, 10
      2. II. The Race has a Common Origin.
        1. II. The Race has a Common Origin. Genesis 1:27; 5:1-3; 7:21-24; 9:18, 19; Isaiah 63:16; 64:8; Malachi 2:10; Matthew 6:9; Luke 11:2; Acts 17:26-29; 1 Corinthians 8:6; Ephesians 4:6
      3. III. Man a Compound Being, Consisting of Body and Spirit.
        1. III. Man a Compound Being, Consisting of Body and Spirit. Genesis 2:7; Ecclesiastes 12:7; Matthew 10:28; 22:32; Luke 8:55; 1 Corinthians 15:45; 2 Corinthians 5:6, 8; 1 Thessalonians 5:23
      4. IV. Man is the Offspring of God.
        1. IV. Man is the Offspring of God. also, Luke 3:38; John 20:17
      5. V. Man was Created in God’s Image.
        1. 1. This includes knowledge, feeling, and will. Genesis 1:26, 27; 5:1; 1 Corinthians 11:7; James 3:9
        2. 2. He was in a state of righteousness and holiness. Ecclesiastes 7:29; 2 Corinthians 3:13; Ephesians 4:24; Colossians 3:10 and the whole teaching of Scripture in regard to the state of the regenerated.
      6. VI. Man Under Moral Law.
        1. VI. Man Under Moral Law. Genesis 2:16, 17; Exodus 20:1-26; Deuteronomy 6:6-9; 27:26; 32:46; Joshua 1:8; Psalm 1:1-3; 78:5; 119:72, 92; Matthew 5:17, 19; 7:21, 24-27; John 14:21; Romans 2:13-15; 8:4; James 1:22, 25; 1 John 2:3, 4; Revelation 22:14
    3. Sin
      1. I. Its Nature
        1. 1. Its origin, as regards the human race. The first man and woman, by their own choice, violated the law of God; they sinned against God. Genesis 3
        2. 2. Words, which describe sin in some of its forms. Hebrew: “Chata,” to go out of the way, to miss the mark. “Pasha,” to transgress. “Avah,” to twist, to act perversely. Greek: “Hamaritia,” a missing of the mark. “Paraptoma,” a falling away from law, truth, right. “Parabasis,” a going over or beyond truth and right, transgression. “Anomia,” lawlessness. “Asebeia,” irreverence.
        3. 3. Definition. “Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.”
      2. II. Its Extent and Penalty.
        1. 1. By sinning, our first parents incurred the penalty of eternal death, including loss of communion with God, supremacy of worldly affections, and consequent misery, wretchedness, and pain. Genesis 2:17; Ezekiel 18:4; Matthew 25:46; Romans 5:12; 6:23; 1 Corinthians 15:58; Galatians 6:8; James 1:15
        2. 2. Sin natural to every human being, depravity being hereditary. Psalm 51:5; 58:3; Jeremiah 17:9; John 3:6; Romans 5:12-19; 7:14-24; 8:7; 1 Corinthians 15:22; Galatians 5:17, 19-21; Ephesians 2:1, 3
        3. 3. All men sinners; therefore subject to same penalty incurred by the first sin. Genesis 6:5, 11, 12; 1 Kings 8:46; 2 Chronicles 6:36; Psalm 53:1-3; Proverbs 20:6, 9; Ecclesiastes 7:20; John 3:19; Romans 3:9-18, 23; 11:32; Galatians 3:22; 1 John 1:8, 10
        4. 4. Therefore all need redemption. John 3:5, 6; Romans 5:18; 7:24, 25; 2 Corinthians 5:14, 15, 19; Galatians 3:21, 22; Titus 2:14; Hebrews 2:9; 1 John 2:2
    4. Redemption
      1. A. General Statements
        1. The sin and ruin of man gave occasion for the gracious interposition of God
        2. I. There is, however, no Self-redemptionMan cannot redeem himself, because:
          1. 1. The legal difficulty is insuperable
          2. 2. The moral difficulty is insuperable.
        3. II. No Redemption by other Creatures
          1. While sinful man cannot redeem himself, no other creature can redeem him.
        4. III. Will God redeem?
          1. 1. Nature furnishes presumptive evidence that God will redeem. Nature show the goodness of God. His gifts are not determined by the moral character of man. Psalm 103:10; 145:15, 16; 147:8, 9; Matthew 5:45; 6:26
          2. 2. In the world man is subject to many evils as to his body, but all around him are remedies in nature.
          3. 3. The universal presence of sacrifice is another presumption. It is probable that sacrifice did not originate with man, but in the appointment of God. Genesis 3:21
          4. 4. If nature is uncertain, revelation is clear and conclusive. From the fall of Adam to the birth of Christ the divine purpose was constantly being more fully and clearly revealed. Genesis 3:15; 4:4; 5:24-29; 6:8; 14:18; John 8:56; Isaiah 53:1-12; Daniel 9:24-27; Joel 2:28-32; Zechariah 13:1-7
          5. 5. The presence and work of the Holy Spirit also attested. Genesis 6:3; Exodus 31:2, 3; Judges 6:34; 11:29; Nehemiah 9:20; Isaiah 44:3, 4; 59:21; 63:11; Haggai 2:5
        5. IV. The Redeemer, or Messiah, has Already Come.
          1. It is plain from the prophecies and from their historical fulfilment that the Messiah must have long since come. Genesis 49:10; Daniel 9:25; Haggai 2:6-9; Malachi 3:1
        6. V. Jesus Christ the Messiah, as shown by Fulfilled Prophecies.
          1. 1. Was to be from eternity the fellow of God. Isaiah 9:6; Micah 5:2; Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 3:17; John 1:1-3; 1 John 5:20
          2. 2. To be born not by ordinary generation, but of a virgin. Isaiah 7:14; Matthew 1:18-25; Luke 1:26-33
          3. 3. In Bethlehem of Judea. Micah 5:2; Luke 2:4, 11; Matthew 2:4-6; John 7:42
          4. 4. To come while the sceptre still lingered with Judah, near by the close of the weeks predicted by Daniel, and while the second temple was yet standing. Genesis 49:10; Matthew 2:1; Daniel 9:25; Luke 2:1; Haggai 2:6-9; Matthew 24:1, 2
          5. 5. To be of the race of Abraham, of the tribe of Judah, of the family of David. Genesis 22:18; 49:10; 2 Samuel 7:16; Isaiah 11:1-9
          6. 6. To come in humble circumstances. Isaiah 53:2; Luke 2:7-24; Isaiah 49:7; Matthew 8:20; Mark 6:3
          7. 7. To make Himself known by works of mercy and of supernatural power. Isaiah 35:3-6; John 5:36, 37; Isaiah 42:7; 61:1-3; John 10:24, 25
          8. 8. To be despised and rejected of men. Isaiah 53:3-7; John 1:10, 11; Luke 23:18-21
          9. 9. To be cut off by a violent death and His body to be pierced. Isaiah 53:8; Daniel 9:26; Luke 23:23, 33; Psalm 22:16; John 20:25; Zechariah 12:10; John 19:34
          10. 10. Other prophecies concerning His death. Psalm 22:7, 8; Matthew 27:39-43; Psalm 69:21; Matthew 27:34; Psalm 22:18; John 19:23, 24; Exodus 12:46; John 19:33, 36; Isaiah 53:12; Mark 15:27; Isaiah 53:9; Matthew 27:57-60
          11. 11. To rise from the dead, to ascend on high, leading captivity captive. Psalm 16:9-11; Matthew 28:5-7; Psalm 68:18; Acts 1:9-11
        7. VI. The Incarnation.
          1. To become incarnate is to become a man. Remaining God, Christ became man and as such lived among men.
          2. While incarnation could not affect the nature and properties of Deity, it did affect their manifestation.
          3. To the sight of men the human was the more constant and conspicuous.
        8. VII. Old Testament Intimations of the Incarnation.
          1. 1. In the first promise. In the renewal of the promise to Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and David He was to be their seed. Genesis 3:15; 22:18; 28:14; 2 Samuel 7:12-29
          2. 2. The theophanies of the old covenant were manifestations of God in the person of His Son.
          3. - To Abraham. Genesis 18:1-33 - To Jacob. Genesis 32:22-32 - To Joshua. Joshua 5:13; 6:5 - To Manoah and his wife. Judges 13:1-25
          4. 3. Isaiah said: “A Virgin shall conceive, and bear a son” Isaiah 7:14. This would make Him human, at the same time His name was Immanuel, God with us. (See also, Isaiah 9:6; Zechariah 13:7; Matthew 26:31.)
        9. VIII. Necessity of the Incarnation.
          1. Its necessity in the fact of sin. God under no obligation to redeem lost men, but, on the supposition of redemption, the Redeemer must become incarnate.
          2. 1. God alone could redeem. The law broken must be vindicated, the nature defiled must be renewed. Men and angels are utterly incompetent in such an exigency. The case necessitates a divine Redeemer.
          3. 2. God Himself in redeeming men must do it righteously. His perfect law cannot be set aside. The Redeemer must come under the law, under its jurisdiction and its power. But to do this He must come out of the sphere of absolute God-head into that of real manhood. Hebrews 2:14-16. It was impossible that He should cease to be God; it was not impossible that He should assume into union with Himself the nature of man.
        10. IX. The Mediator.
          1. The Greek word for mediator is emites, meaning one who goes between, or in the middle. It embraces the additional ideas of variance and reconciliation.
          2. 1. The word mediator does not in itself indicate by what means mediation is to be made.
          3. a. In the case of a misapprehension the mediator would only need to explain, or be an interpreter.
          4. b. In a case of deliberate wrong the mediator would seek the clemency and favour of the offended party, and thus become an intercessor.
          5. c. If, further, the case were such that there were grave liabilities in law and right resting upon the offending party, it would be requisite for the mediator to obtain for him, or himself become a sponsor, or to use the Scriptural word, a surety or bondsman.
          6. d. If the obligations resting upon the offending party were such as he could not in his own person, or by his own resources satisfy, it would behove the mediator to take them upon himself, and actually meeting them became his redemptor, or redeemer.
          7. 2. The application of this idea to Christ. The word mediator as applied to Jesus Christ has this definite meaning—He comes between men and God—separated and at variance by reason of sin— to effect their reconciliation, in harmony with eternal truth, right, and holiness. Hebrews 2:9-18; 4:14-16; 5:9.
        11. X. Atonement.
          1. 1. The usage of the English word.
          2. a. Its verbal meaning. This is seen by pronouncing it at-one-ment. In this verbal sense the word expresses a result, not that by which the result is gained.
          3. b. In theology the word is commonly used to denote that part of the priestly work of Christ by which He made satisfaction to the law and justice of God for the sins of men, and in view of which men are saved. In this use it expresses not reconciliation itself, but that which reconciles.
          4. 2. Scriptural words in this connection.
          5. a. In the Old Testament the fundamental Hebrew word for atonement means to cover. Psalm 32:1. According to it, sin is expiated or atoned for by covering it.
          6. b. In the New Testament. (1) Katallage (Romans 5:11), means a change or an exchange; i.e., a change from enmity to love, and so reconciliation. (2) Apolutrosis (Romans 3:24), deliverance by a ransom or by payment of price. Matthew 20:28; 1 Peter 1:18, 19. (3) Hilasmos, propitiation. Both Jews and Gentiles perfectly understood the meaning of hilasmos. When under a sense of sin they would make a propitiation—they approached the altar and laid upon it the sacrificial victim. 1 John 2:2.
          7. c. If now we combine and formulate these ideas, we see that the atonement of Christ is that satisfaction to the law and justice of God for the sins of men, which, as the one great High Priest, He made by His own obedience unto death, and on the ground of which He carries on His acts of intercession and benediction in heaven.
        12. XI. Redemption (In contrast with atonement.)
          1. Atonement is the ground and means of redemption, while redemption is the result of atonement. Redemption consists of two parts, the one legal, the other moral. The work of Christ meets the demands of the law and man is justified. The work of the Spirit renews the depraved nature and reforms the sinner in the divine image, and man is sanctified.
      2. B. The Person of the Redeemer
        1. I. He is truly God.
        2. II. He is truly Man.
          1. His human nature the same as that of other men, because He is of the stock of Abraham.
          2. 1. General references. Matthew 12:8, 13-37; 16:13; 25:31; John 3:14; 8:28; 13:31; Galatians 4:4; 1 Timothy 2:5; Hebrews 2:14
          3. 2. References to His human body. Matthew 2:1; Mark 4:38; Luke 2:52; John 4:6-8; 19:32-34
          4. 3. References to the intellectual and spiritual faculties which He had in common with men. Matthew 4:1-11; 26:38; Mark 10:14; 11:13; Luke 2:52; 4:16-22; John 2:24; 11:3-5, 33
        3. III. He is truly God and Man
          1. These two natures, the divine and the human, combined in Christ as the God-man.
          2. 1. In many passages both natures are referred to. John 1:14; Romans 1:3, 4; 8:3; 9:5; Galatians 4:4; Philippians 2:11; 1 John 4:3
          3. 2. Passages which speak of the human attributes and actions of Christ while the divine title is used. Matthew 1:23; Luke 1:31, 32; Acts 20:28; Romans 8:32; 1 Corinthians 2:8; Colossians 1:13-17
          4. 3. Passages which speak of the divine attributes and actions of Christ while He is designated by the human title. John 3:13; 6:62; Romans 9:5; Revelation 5:12, 13
      3. C. The work of the Redeemer as Prophet, Priest, and King.
        1. I. As prophet.
          1. A prophet of God is one who has authority and who has the necessary qualifications to convey God’s messages to men. He may also be an interpreter.
          2. 1. Christ executed the office of prophet, by His word and by His works. Matthew 5:24
          3. 2. Also through other agents: through His Spirit, by inspiration, by spiritual illumination, through the officers of the church inspired as apostles, prophets, and teachers. Ephesians 4:11, 12; 1 John 2:20; 5:20. He continues to execute the office of prophet through eternity. Revelation 7:17; 21:23
        2. II. As priest.
          1. A priest is one who is qualified and authorized to “draw near to the Lord for men.” Exodus 19:22; Hebrews 5:1.
          2. 1. Must be taken from among men to represent them. Exodus 28:9, 12, 21, 29; Hebrews 5:12
          3. 2. Must be chosen by God. Exodus 28:1; Numbers 16:5; Hebrews 5:4
          4. 3. Must be holy—morally pure and consecrated to God. Exodus 39:30, 31; Leviticus 21:6, 8; Psalm 106:16
          5. 4. Must have a right to draw near to Jehovah and to offer sacrifices and make intercession. Exodus 19:22; Leviticus 16:3, 7, 12, 15; Numbers 16:5
          6. 5. The Old Testament declares Christ to be a priest. Psalm 110:4; Hebrews 5:6; 6:20; Zechariah 6:13
          7. 6. Priestly functions ascribed to Him. Isaiah 53:10; Daniel 9:24, 25. The temple and its services and all Old Testament sacrifices typical of Christ and His work. He superseded these. Colossians 2:17; Hebrews 9:10-12; 10:11, 12
          8. 7. New Testament proof. Was taken from among men to stand for them for God. Hebrews 2:16; 4:15. Was chosen by God. Hebrews 5:5, 6. Was perfectly holy. Luke 1:35; Hebrews 7:26. Has the right of the nearest access and the greatest influence with the Father. John 11:42; 16:28; Hebrews 1:3; 9:11-24
          9. a. He “mediated” in the general sense of the term. John 14:6; 1 Timothy 2:5; Hebrews 8:6
          10. b. He offered propitiation. Ephesians 5:25; Hebrews 9:26; 10:12; 1 John 2:2
          11. c. He makes intercession. Romans 8:4; Hebrews 7:25; 1 John 2:1
          12. 8. Christ as priest made atonement for us, was made a substitute for us. A substitute is one appointed or accepted to act or to suffer in the stead of another, and His actions or sufferings are vicarious.
          13. a. The Greek preposition huper, with the genitive, sometimes signifies instead of, and the construction is used to set forth the relation of Christ’s work to us. 2 Corinthians 5:14, 15, 20; Galatians 3:13; Philemon 1:13; 1 Peter 3:18
          14. b. The preposition anti definitely and always expressed substitution. Matthew 2:22; 5:38; 20:28; Mark 10:45; 1 Timothy 2:6
          15. c. The same is true as to what the Scriptures teach as to our sins being laid upon Christ. Leviticus 7:18; Numbers 18:27; Psalm 106:31; Isaiah 53:12; Luke 22:36; Romans 2:26; 4:3-9; 2 Corinthians 5:19-21; Galatians 3:13
          16. d. The effects of Christ’s action as priest are shown.
          17. (1). As toward God, they are declared to be propitiatory. Romans 3:25, 26; Hebrews 2:17; 1 John 2:2; 4:10
          18. (2). As respects the sinner, they are declared to be redemption, deliverance by ransom. Isaiah 51:11; 62:12; 1 Corinthians 7:23; Galatians 3:13, 14; 1 Timothy 2:6; 1 Peter 1:18, 19; Revelation 5:9
        3. III. As King.
          1. The kingdom of Christ a very prominent subject in Scripture. Daniel 2:44; Matthew 13; 22:1-14; Luke 13:22-30; 17:20, 21; Romans 14:17; Ephesians 1:10, 20-22; 1 Peter 3:22
          2. 1. Christ’s authority embraces the universe. Matthew 28:18; Ephesians 1:17-23; Philippians 2:9-11. It is distinguished as —
          3. a. His kingdom of power, embracing the entire universe in His providential and judicial administration. John 5:22-27; 9:39; 1 Corinthians 15:25; Hebrews 10:12, 13
          4. b. His kingdom of grace, spiritual alike as to its subjects, laws, modes of administration and instrumentalities.
          5. c. His kingdom of glory, the consummation of His gracious administration, will continue forever.
          6. 2. The object of Christ’s authority is to accomplish the salvation of His church. Ephesians 1:22, 23
          7. a. To cause all things to work together for the good of His people. Romans 8:28
          8. b. To establish a kingdom for them. Luke 22:29; John 14:2
          9. (1). To subjugate all His enemies. 1 Corinthians 15:25
          10. (2). That all should worship Him. Hebrews 1:6; Revelation 5:9-13
          11. 3. The following are some of the titles to this kingdom, with the sense in which they are used.
          12. a. The kingdom of God, Luke 4:43, because of divine origin and the authority of God exercised in its administration.
          13. b. The kingdom of Christ, Matthew 16:28; Colossians 1:13, because He is in person the immediate sovereign.
          14. c. The kingdom of heaven, Matthew 11:12, because its origin and characteristics are from heaven and its consummation is to be in heaven.
          15. 4. Christ’s administration of His kingdom presents two aspects:— (1) As militant. Ephesians 6:11-17. (2) As glorified, or triumphant. Revelation 3:21. Accordingly Christ is represented as a great Captain, (Revelation 19:11, 16), and as a Prince reigning upon His throne. Revelation 21:5, 22, 23
          16. The throne upon which Christ sits is represented as — A throne of grace. Hebrews 4:16. A throne of judgment. Revelation 20:11-15. A throne of glory. Revelation 4:3; 5:6
          17. 5. The sense in which Christ’s kingdom is spiritual.
          18. a. The king is a spiritual and not an earthly sovereign. Matthew 20:28; John 18:36
          19. b. His throne is at the right hand of God. Hebrews 1:3
          20. c. His sceptre is spiritual. Psalm 110:2; Isaiah 61:1-3; 63:1
          21. d. The citizens of the kingdom are spiritual men. John 4:24
          22. e. The mode in which He administers His government is spiritual. Zechariah 4:6, 7
          23. f. His laws are spiritual. John 4:24
          24. g. The blessings and penalties of His kingdom are spiritual. 1 Corinthians 3:4-11; 2 Corinthians 10:4; Ephesians 1:3-8; 2 Timothy 4:2; Titus 2:15
          25. 6. Christ as seated at the right hand of the Father. Some of the language may be figurative, but it sets forth the glorification of Christ in heaven. It presents Him as the God-man exalted to supreme and universal glory and power. Psalm 110:1; Daniel 7:13, 14; Matthew 26:64; Mark 16:19; John 5:22; Romans 8:34; Ephesians 1:20-22; Philippians 2:9-11; Colossians 3:1; Hebrews 1:3, 4; 2:9; 10:12; 1 Peter 3:22; Revelation 5:6
      4. D. The work of the Holy Spirit in redemption.
        1. I. The Father and the Son work by, and through, the Holy Spirit.
          1. He came upon men and clothed them with the power of God as worker, prophet or leader. Genesis 41:39; Exodus 31:1-3; 35:31; Numbers 11:29; 24:2; 1 Samuel 10:10; 2 Chronicles 15:1; Isaiah 63:11; Ezekiel 11:23, 24
        2. II. His special individual work.
          1. 1. To convict of sin. John 16:8; Acts 2:37
          2. 2. To regenerate. John 3:3-5; 6:63; Titus 3:5-7
          3. 3. To witness concerning Jesus. Hebrews 10:15; 1 John 5:7
          4. 4. He is the author of assurance to us. Romans 8:14-16; 1 John 4:13
          5. 5. He is the inspirer of the Scriptures and our personal teacher. John 14:26; 16:13; 1 Corinthians 2:9-13; 12:3-8; 1 Thessalonians 1:5; 2 Timothy 3:16; Hebrews 3:7; 2 Peter 1:21
          6. 6. He dwells in the disciples of Jesus. 1 Corinthians 2:9-16; 6:17; 12:13; Galatians 3:5; 4:6; 5:25; Ephesians 2:22; 3:16; 5:18; 1 Peter 1:11; 1 John 3:24
          7. 7. He sheds abroad the love of God in our hearts. Romans 5:5
          8. 8. He gives hope, joy, peace, liberty. Galatians 5:22; 2 Corinthians 3:17
          9. 9. He is the Comforter. John 14:16, 26; 15:26; 16:7; Acts 9:31; Romans 15:13
          10. 10. He sanctifies. Romans 8:6-11; 1 Corinthians 6:11; Galatians 5:22-26; 2 Thessalonians 2:13
        3. III. The Holy Spirit for Service.
          1. 1. The gift. (See texts under D,1). John 14:17; 1 Corinthians 3:16; 6:19, 20; Luke 4:17-21; John 3:34; Acts 10:38; Isaiah 44:3; Acts 1:5, 8; 2:4, 38, 39; 4:31; 6:3; 9:17
          2. 2. How given. Luke 11:13; 24:49; John 20:22; Acts 1:4; 2:38; 5:32; 8:17; 19:6; 1 John 5:14, 15
          3. 3. As to the renewal of the gift. Acts 4:31; 10:44; 11:15; 13:52
      5. E. The Work of Redemption as Related to the Believer.
        1. I. The Union between Christ and the Believer
          1. 1. As to its nature.
          2. a. Christ as the second Adam (1 Corinthians 15:22) assumes in the covenant of grace those broken obligations of the covenant of works which the first Adam failed to discharge, and fulfils them all in behalf of all His “sheep”—those whom the Father has given Him.
          3. b. Its spiritual and vital character.
          4. (1). It is a spiritual union. 1 Corinthians 6:17; 12:13; 1 John 3:24; 4:13
          5. (2). It is a vital union. John 14:19; Galatians 2:20
          6. (3). It embraces our entire persons. 1 Corinthians 6:15, 19
          7. (4). It is an indissoluble union. John 10:28; 14:23; 17:21, 23; 1 Thessalonians 4:14, 17
          8. 2. As to its consequences (in general)—
          9. a. Believers have a community with Christ in His covenant standing and rights. Romans 8:1; Ephesians 1:6, 11, 13; Philippians 3:8, 9; Colossians 2:10
          10. His mediatorial office embraces three principal functions:— (1) Prophet. In fellowship with Him the believer is a prophet. John 16:13; 1 John 2:27. (2) Priest. The believer is also a priest in Him. Isaiah 61:6; 1 Peter 2:5; Revelation 20:6. (3) King. In Him the believer is also a king. 1 Peter 2:9; Revelation 3:21; 5:10
          11. b. Believers have fellowship with Him in the transforming, assimilating power of His life.
          12. (1). As to their souls. Romans 8:9; Philippians 2:5; 1 John 3:2
          13. (2). As to their bodies. Romans 6:5; 1 Corinthians 6:17, 19; 15:47, 49; Philippians 3:21. Thus bearing fruit to Christ, both in their bodies and in their spirits which are His. John 15:5; 2 Corinthians 12:9; 1 John 1:6
          14. c. This leads to fellowship with Christ, in experience, labours, sufferings, temptation, death, and finally, in His glory. Galatians 6:17; Philippians 3:10; Hebrews 12:3; 1 Peter 4:13
          15. d. Also to Christ’s rightful fellowship with them in all they possess. Romans 14:8; 1 Corinthians 6:19, 20
          16. e. Also to the consequence that in the spiritual reception of the ordinances, they do really hold fellowship with Him. They are baptised into Christ. John 6:51, 56; 1 Corinthians 10:16; 11:26; Galatians 3:27
        2. II. Doctrines Connected with the Union of Christ with the Believer.
          1. 1. Repentance.
          2. a. Repentance includes a sense of personal guilt, pollution, and helplessness, an apprehension of the mercy of God in Christ, grief and hatred of sin, a resolute turning from it unto God, and a persistent endeavour after a new life of holy obedience.
          3. b. True repentance brings the believer to see and appreciate the holiness of God as revealed alike in the law and in the gospel, and in that light to see and feel the exceeding sinfulness of all sin as well as the sinfulness of his own nature. Job 42:6; Psalm 51:4-9; Romans 3:20
          4. c. The awakened conscience echoes God’s law, and can be appeased by no less a propitiation than that demanded by divine justice itself.
          5. d. The evidence of genuine repentance.
          6. (1). To be determined by prayerful study of the Scriptures in connection with self-examination.
          7. (2). By the hatred and forsaking of secret as well as of open sins, the choice of God’s service as both right and desirable, public confession, and practical consecration.
          8. e. Scripture examples of repentance
          9. (1). True. 2 Samuel 12:13; Psalm 51:4; 2 Samuel 24:10; Luke 15:18, 21; 18:13
          10. (2). False. Exodus 9:27, 34; 10:16, 20; 1 Samuel 15:24; Matthew 27:4, 5
          11. 2. Faith.
          12. a. New Testament usage
          13. (1). That state of mind which is induced by persuasion. Romans 14:22
          14. (2). Good faith, fidelity, sincerity. Romans 3:3; Titus 2:10
          15. (3). Assent to the truth. Philippians 1:27; 2 Thessalonians 2:13
          16. (4). Faith toward, on, or in God. Mark 11:22; 1 Thessalonians 1:8; Hebrews 6:1; 1 Peter 1:21. In Christ. Acts 24:24; Romans 3:25; Galatians 2:16-20
          17. (5). The object of faith; viz.,the revelation of the gospel.Romans 1:5; 10:8; 1 Timothy 4:1; Jude 1:3, 20
          18. b. Knowledge is the apprehension of an object as true, and faith is an assent to its truth. In this general sense every exercise of faith includes the knowledge of the object assented to.
          19. c. Religious faith rests, first, upon the faithfulness of God as pledged in His supernatural revelation, John 3:33; second, upon the evidence of spiritual illumination, personal experience of the power of the truth, and the witness of the Holy Spirit. Thus it rests not in the wisdom of men, but in the power of God. 1 Corinthians 2:5-12
          20. d. The two kinds of evidence by which we know that God has revealed certain truths as objects of faith.
          21. (1). The evidence in the truth itself—moral, spiritual, experimental, rational. Jeremiah 23:29; John 6:33; 14:7, 26
          22. (2). The accrediting evidence of the presence and power of God accompanying the promulgation of the truth, and proving that it is from Him. These are miracles, providential periods, and the fulfilment of prophecy. John 5:36; Hebrews 2:4
          23. e. That saving faith includes trust is proved from the uniform and single condition of salvation as presented in the Scriptures, expressed in the words “believe in, or on, Christ.” John 7:38; Acts 9:42; 16:31; Galatians 2:16. To believe in, or on, a person, necessarily implies trust as well as credit. Acts 26:18; Galatians 3:26; 2 Timothy 3:15; Hebrews 11:1
          24. f. The same proved from expressions used in the Scriptures as equivalent to the phrase “believing in Christ.” Such expressions are: Receiving Christ, John 1:12. Looking to Christ, Isaiah 45:22; Numbers 21:19; John 3:14, 15. Fleeing for refuge, Hebrews 6:18. Coming to Christ, Matthew 11:28; John 6:35, 37. Committing unto Christ 2 Timothy 1:12
          25. g. The object of faith is the person and work of the Lord Jesus Christ as mediator.
          26. (1). We are justified by that faith of which Christ is the object. Romans 3:22, 25; Galatians 2:16; Philippians 3:9
          27. (2). Saved by faith in Christ. John 1:12; 3:16, 36; 6:35; Acts 10:43; 16:31
          28. (3). The rejection of Christ, or refusal to submit to the righteousness of God declared to be the ground of reprobation. John 3:18, 19; 8:24
          29. h. Assurance of salvation attainable through faith.
          30. Directly asserted. Romans 8:16; 2 Peter 1:10; 1 John 2:3; 3:14; 5:13. Scriptural examples: 2 Timothy 1:12; 4:7, 8. Begets unfeigned humility. 1 Corinthians 15:10; Galatians 6:14. Leads to ever increasing diligence in practical religion. Psalm 51:12, 13, 19. Also to candid self-examination and a desire to be searched and corrected by God. Psalm 139:23, 24. Also to constant aspirations after nearer conformity to, and more intimate communion with God. 1 John 3:2, 3
          31. i. Living faith leads to good works. Acts 15:9; 26:18; Galatians 5:6; James 2:14-26; 1 John 5:4
          32. 3. Regeneration.
          33. a. Scripture terms by which this work of God is designated: Creating. Ephesians 4:24. Begetting. 1 John 4:7. Quickening. John 5:21; Ephesians 2:5. Calling out of darkness into marvellous light. 1 Peter 2:9.
          34. The subjects of it are said— To be alive from the dead. Romans 6:13. To be new creatures. 2 Corinthians 5:17. To be born again, or anew. John 3:3, 7. To be God’s workmanship. Ephesians 2:10
          35. b. Proof that there is such a thing as is commonly called regeneration.
          36. (1). The Scriptures declare that such a change is necessary. 2 Corinthians 5:17; Galatians 6:15
          37. (2). The change is described. Ephesians 2:5; 4:23; James 1:18; 1 Peter 1:23
          38. (3). It is necessary for the most moral as well as the most profligate. 1 Corinthians 15:10; Galatians 1:13-16
          39. (4). That this change is not a mere reformation is proved by its being referred to the Holy Spirit. Titus 3:5
          40. (5). In the comparison of man’s state in grace with his state by nature. Romans 6:13; 8:6-10; Ephesians 5:8
          41. (6). In the experience of all Christians and the testimony of their lives.
          42. c. Proofs that believers are subjects of supernatural, or spiritual illumination.
          43. (1). This is necessary. John 16:3; 1 Corinthians 2:14; 2 Corinthians 3:14; 4:3
          44. (2). The Scriptures expressly affirm it. Psalm 19:7, 8; 43:3, 4; John 17:3; 1 Corinthians 2:12, 13; 2 Corinthians 4:6; Ephesians 1:18; Philippians 1:19; Colossians 3:10; 1 John 4:7; 5:20
          45. The first effect of regeneration is to open the eyes of our understanding to the excellency of divine truth. The second effect is the going forth of the renewed affections toward that excellency perceived.
          46. d. Proof of the absolute necessity of regeneration.
          47. (1). The Scriptures assert it. John 3:3; Romans 8:6, 7; Ephesians 2:10; 4:21-24
          48. (2). It is proved from the nature of man as a sinner. Romans 7:18; 8:7-9; 1 Corinthians 2:14; Ephesians 2:1
          49. (3). Also from the nature of heaven. Isaiah 35:8; 52:1; Matthew 5:8; 13:41; Hebrews 12:14; Revelation 21:27
          50. (4). The restoration of holiness is the grand end of the whole plan of salvation. Romans 8:28, 29; Ephesians 1:4; 5:5, 26, 27
          51. 4. Justification
          52. a. Its fundamental idea is that of perfect conformityto all of the requirements of the moral law.
          53. b. The usage of “to justify.”
          54. It means to declare a person to be just.
          55. (1). Because personally conformed to the law as to moral character. Luke 7:29; Romans 3:4
          56. (2). Because, forensically, the demands of the law as a condition of life have been fully satisfied in regard to Him. Acts 13:39; Romans 5:1, 9; 8:30, 33; 1 Corinthians 6:11; Galatians 2:16; 3:11
          57. c. (1) The ungodly are said to be justified without the deeds of of the law, by the blood of Christ, by faith, freely, and of grace, by means of a satisfaction and of imputed righteousness. Romans 3:20-28; 4:5-7; 5:1; Galatians 2:16; 3:11; 5:4; 1 John 2:2
          58. (2) The contrary of condemnation. Romans 8:33, 34
          59. (3) The same idea conveyed in many equivalent and interchangeable expressions. John 3:18; 5:24; Romans 4:6, 7; 2 Corinthians 5:19
          60. d. The terms “righteousness” and “righteousness of God” in the New Testament signify:
          61. (1). Holiness of character. Matthew 5:6; Romans 6:13; 10:3-5; Philippians 3:9; Titus 3:5
          62. (2). The vicarious obedience and sufferings of Christ our substitute, which become our righteousness, received and appropriated by us through faith. Romans 3:22; 4:6, 11; 10:4-10; 1 Corinthians 1:30
          63. e. The term “justification,” occurs only in Romans 4:25; 5:16, 18. It signifies that relation to the law into which we are brought in consequence of the righteousness of Christ being made legally ours. We are absolved from all liability to the penalty, and the rewards promised to obedience are declared to belong to us.
          64. f. The requirement of the law in order to the justification of a sinner.
          65. The law consists of a rule of duty and a penalty to take effect in case of disobedience.
          66. g. Proof that works cannot be the ground of a sinner’s justification.
          67. (1). Paul repeatedly asserts this. Galatians 2:16; Philippians 3:9
          68. (2). The law demands perfect obedience. No act of obedience at one time can atone for disobedience at another. Galatians 2:10, 21; 5:3
          69. (3). If we are justified by works, then Christ is dead in vain. Galatians 2:21; 5:4
          70. (4). If it were of works it would not be of grace. Romans 11:6; Ephesians 2:8, 9
          71. (5). It would afford cause for boasting. Romans 3:27; 4:2
          72. (6). Paul also quotes the Old Testament to prove that all men are sinners (Romans 3:9, 10), and that consequently they cannot be justified by works. Psalm 143:2; Romans 3:20. He quotes Habakkuk 2:4 to prove that the just shall live by faith, and cites the example of Abraham. Galatians 3:6
          73. h. The ground of justification is the righteousness of Christ. Romans 10:4; 1 Corinthians 1:30
          74. Faith is the essential prerequisite and instrument of receiving that righteousness. Ephesians 2:8
          75. Justification is a declaration on the part of God that the law is satisfied because of the righteousness of Christ, which is imputed to believers, and the merits of which are received by them through faith.
          76. i. The sense in which Christ’s righteousness is imputed.
          77. Imputation is an act of God as sovereign judge.
          78. Imputation is the charging or crediting to one’s account as the ground of judicial treatment.
          79. As Christ is not made a sinner by the imputation to Him of our sins, so we are not made holy by the imputation to us of His righteousness. The transfer is only of guilt from us to Him, and of merit from Him to us. Romans 5:12-21; 4:6; 3:21; 5:19
          80. j. The nature of the peace which flows from justification.
          81. (1). Peace with God, His justice being completely satisfied through the righteousness of Christ. Romans 5:1; 2 Corinthians 5:19; Colossians 1:21; Ephesians 2:14. In witness of this His Holy Spirit is given to us. Romans 8:15, 16; Hebrews 10:15, 17. His love is shed abroad in our hearts (Romans 5:5), and our fellowship with His is established.
          82. (2). Inward peace of conscience, through the apprehension of the righteousness by which we are justified. Hebrews 9:15; 10:2, 22
          83. 5. Adoption.
          84. a. Classes of persons to whom the term “sons” or “children of God” is applied in the Scriptures.
          85. (1). In the singular, the term is applied in a supreme sense to the Second Person of the Trinity alone.
          86. (2). In the plural, to angels, because they are God’s favoured creatures. Job 1:6; 38:7
          87. (3). To human magistrates, because the possess authority delegated from God. Psalm 82:6
          88. (4). To good men as the subjects of a divine adoption.
          89. The sonship which this adoption confers is twofold:—
          90. (a). General and external. Exodus 4:11; 9:4
          91. (b). Special, spiritual, and immortal. Galatians 4:5; Ephesians 1:4-6
          92. b. That which is represented in Scripture as involved in being a child of God by adoption.
          93. (1). Derivation of nature from God. John 1:13; James 1:18; 1 John 5:18
          94. (2). Being born again in the image of God, bearing His likeness. Romans 8:29; 2 Corinthians 3:18; Colossians 3:10; 2 Peter 1:4
          95. (3). Bearing His name. 1 John 3:1; Revelation 2:17; 3:12
          96. (4). Being the object of His peculiar love. John 17:23; Romans 5:5-8; Titus 3:4; 1 John 4:7-11
          97. (5). The indwelling Spirit of His Son (Galatians 4:5, 6), forms in us a spirit becoming the children of God: Obedient (1 Peter 1:14; 2 John 1:6); free from sense of guilt, legal bondage, and fear of death (Romans 8:15; Galatians 5:1; Hebrews 2:15); and elevated with a holy boldness and royal dignity. Hebrews 10:19, 22; 1 Peter 2:9; 4:14
          98. (6). Present protection, consolations, and abundant provisions. Psalm 125:2; Isaiah 66:13; Luke 12:27-32; John 14:18; 1 Corinthians 3:21-23; 2 Corinthians 1:4
          99. (7). Present fatherly chastisements for our good. Psalm 51:11, 12; Hebrews 12:5-11
          100. (8). The certain inheritance of the riches of our Father’s glory as heirs with God and joint-heirs with Christ (Romans 8:17; James 2:5; 1 Peter 1:4; 3:7); including the exaltation of our bodies to the fellowship with Him. Romans 8:23; Philippians 3:21
          101. c. Adoption proceeds from the Father, upon the merits of the Son, by the agency of the Holy Spirit. John 1:12, 13; Galatians 4:5, 6; Titus 3:5, 6; Romans 8:17, 29; Hebrews 2:17; 4:15. All believers being subjects of the same adoption, are brethren. Ephesians 3:6; 1 John 3:14; 5:1
          102. 6. Sanctification.
          103. a. To make clean physically or morally. (a) Of ceremonial purification. Hebrews 9:13. (b) To render clean in a moral sense. 1 Corinthians 6:11; Hebrews 13:12. (c) To set apart from a common to a sacred use, to devote. Matthew 23:17; John 10:36; Matthew 6:9; 1 Peter 3:15
          104. b. Regeneration is the creative act of the Holy Spirit, implanting a new principle of spiritual life in the soul. Sanctification is the sustaining and developing work of the Holy Spirit, bringing all the faculties of the soul more and more perfectly under the purifying and regulating principle of spiritual life.
          105. c. The sense in which the body is sanctified.
          106. As being the temple of the Holy Spirit. 1 Corinthians 6:19
          107. As being a member of Christ. 1 Corinthians 6:15
          108. It will be make like Christ’s glorified body. 1 Corinthians 15:44; Philippians 3:21
          109. d. To who the work of sanctification is referred.
          110. (1). To the Father. 1 Thessalonians 5:23; Hebrews 13:21
          111. (2). To the Son. Ephesians 5:25, 26; Titus 2:14
          112. (3). To the Holy Spirit. 1 Corinthians 6:11; 2 Thessalonians 2:13
          113. e. The agency of the truth in the work of sanctification. Psalm 119:9-11; John 17:19; James 1:18; 1 Peter 1:22; 2:2; 2 Peter 1:4
      6. F. The Union Between Believers; The Church and its Institutions.
        1. I. The Church.
          1. 1. The word ecclesia in the New Testament means either the universal church of Christ, or a local congregation.
          2. 2. The early Christian church began on the day of Pentecost; and it was at first composed of the disciples whom Jesus had personally gathered.
          3. 3. For church government, see in the encyclopedias the articles on the different denominations.
        2. II. The Sacraments.
          1. These are baptism and the Lord’s Supper.
      7. G. Eschatology.
        1. I. Death, and the State of the Soul after Death.
          1. 1. The different forms of expression bywhich death is described in the Scriptures.
          2. Departure out of this world. 2 Timothy 4:6
          3. Going the way of all the earth. Joshua 23:14
          4. Gathered to one’s fathers. Judges 2:10
          5. Gathered to one’s people. Deuteronomy 32:50
          6. Dissolving the earthly house of this tabernacle. 2 Corinthians 5:1
          7. Returning to the dust. Ecclesiastes 12:7
          8. Sleep. John 11:11
          9. Giving up the ghost. Acts 5:10
          10. Absent from the body and present with the Lord. 2 Corinthians 5:8
          11. Sleeping in Jesus. 1 Thessalonians 4:14; Ecclesiastes 12:7
          12. 2. The relation of death to sin.
          13. The entire penalty of the law, including all the spiritual, physical, and eternal penal consequences of sin, is called death in the Scripture. Genesis 2:17; Romans 5:12. This included natural death. Romans 5:13, 14. When Christ bore the penalty of the law, it was necessary for Him to die. Hebrews 9:22
          14. 3. Why do the justified die?
          15. It is made necessary from the present constitution of the body, while it is to both body and soul the gateway of heaven. The sting and fear of death are taken away. 1 Corinthians 15:55-57; Hebrews 2:15. They die “in the Lord” (Revelation 14:13), and shall at last be completely delivered from its power. 1 Corinthians 15:26
          16. 4. Immateriality of the soul. Its continual existence after death.
          17. The entire range of human experience fails to make us acquainted with a single instance of the annihilation of matter. Material bodies, organised or chemically compounded, constantly come into existence and in turn pass away, yet never through annihilation but simply from the dissolution of that relation which these parts had temporarily sustained to each other. Spirit, however, is essentially simple and single, and therefore incapable of that dissolution of parts to which material bodies are subject. We infer, therefore, that spirits are immortal, since they cannot be subject to that only form of death of which we have any knowledge.
          18. 5. Argument derived from its imperfect development in this world.
          19. In every department of organized life every individual creature, in its normal state, tends to grow toward condition of complete development, which is the perfection of its kind. Every human being, however, is conscious that in this life he never attains that completeness which the Creator contemplated in the ideal of His type. He has faculties undeveloped, capacities unfulfilled, natural desires unsatisfied. He knows that he was designed to be much more than he is and to fill a much higher sphere.
          20. 6. Argument derived from the distributive justice of God.
          21. It is a judgment of reason, and a fundamental Bible doctrine that moral good is associated with happiness, and moral evil with misery, by the unchangeable nature and purpose of God. But history establishes the fact that this life is not a state of retribution, here wickedness is often associated with prosperity, moral excellence with sorrow. We hence conclude that there is a future state where everything inconsistent with the justice of God shall be adjusted. See Psalm 73
          22. 7. Conscience points to a future state.
          23. Conscience is the voice of God in the soul, witnessing to our sinfulness, God’s essential justice. The characteristic testimony of the human conscience has always been in accordance with the word of God, that, “after death comes the judgment.”
          24. 8. Confirmed by the general consent of mankind.
          25. This has been the universal faith of all men, of all nations, and in all ages. Universal consent, like every universal effect, must be referred to an equally universal cause, and this consent, uniform among men differing in every other possible respect, can be referred to no common origin other than the constitution of man’s common nature, which is the testimony of his Maker.
          26. 9. The Old Testament teaches the same distinction between body and soul that is taught in the New Testament. Genesis 1:26, 27; 2:7; Ecclesiastes 12:7
          27. 10. Our Saviour’s argument. Luke 20:37, 38
          28. 11. Old Testament passages implying a state of blessedness after death. Numbers 23:10; Job 19:26, 27; Psalm 16:9-11; 17:15; 49:14, 15; 73:24-26; Isaiah 25:8; 26:19; Daniel 12:2, 3, 13; Hosea 13:14
          29. 12. Teaching of the New Testament. Luke 23:43; 2 Corinthians 5:6-8; Philippians 1:23, 24; Luke 16:23, 24; Jude 1:5-7
        2. II. The Resurrection.
          1. 1. The Greek word is anastasis, which signifies “a raising up.” It is used Scripture to designate the future general raising, by the power of God, of the bodies of all men from the sleep of death.
          2. 2. Old Testament passages. Job 19:25-27; Psalm 49:15; Isaiah 26:19; Daniel 12:1-3
          3. 3. New Testament passages. Matthew 27:52, 53; John 5:28, 29; 6:39; Acts 2:25-34; 13:34; Romans 8:11, 22, 23; 1 Corinthians 15:1-58; Philippians 3:20, 21; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-17
          4. 4. The body to rise again. Philippians 3:21; 1 Corinthians 15:53, 54; John 5:28; 1 Thessalonians 4:13-17; 1 Corinthians 6:15; John 20:27
          5. 5. The nature of the resurrection body.
          6. a. It is to be spiritual. 1 Corinthians 15:44
          7. b. Like Christ’s body. Philippians 3:21
          8. c. Glorious, powerful, and incorruptible. 1 Corinthians 15:54
          9. d. It shall never die. Revelation 21:4
          10. e. Never to be given in marriage. Matthew 22:30
          11. 6. The resurrection of Christ secures and illustrates that of His people.
          12. a. Because His resurrection seals and consummates His redemptive power, and the redemption of our bodies. Romans 3:23
          13. b. Because of our federal and vital union with Christ. 1 Corinthians 15:21, 22; 1 Thessalonians 4:14
          14. c. Because of His Spirit who dwells in us (Romans 8:11), making our bodies His members. 1 Corinthians 6:15
          15. d. Because Christ by covenant is Lord both of the living and the dead. Romans 14:9
          16. This same vital union causes the resurrection of the believer to be similar to, as well as consequent upon, that of Christ. 1 Corinthians 15:49; Philippians 3:21; 1 John 3:2
        3. III. The Second Advent ` and the General Judgment.
          1. 1. The meaning of the expression, “the coming” or “the day of the Lord,” as used in both the Old and New Testaments.
          2. a. For any special manifestation of God’s presence. Isaiah 13:6; Jeremiah 46:10; John 14:18, 23
          3. b. By way of eminence.
          4. (1). In the Old Testament, for the coming of Christ in the flesh, and the abrogation of the Jewish economy. Malachi 3:2; 4:5
          5. (2). In the New Testament, for the second and final coming of Christ.
          6. 2. The several terms referring to this last great event are:—
          7. a. His “revelation.” 1 Corinthians 1:7; 2 Thessalonians 1:7; 1 Peter 1:7, 13; 4:13
          8. b. “Presence,” “coming.” Matthew 24:3, 27, 37, 39; 1 Corinthians 15:23; 1 Thessalonians 2:19; 3:13; 4:15; 5:23; 2 Thessalonians 2:1-9; James 5:7, 8; 2 Peter 1:16; 3:4, 12; 1 John 2:28
          9. c. “Appearing,” “manifestation.” 2 Thessalonians 2:8; 1 Timothy 6:14; 2 Timothy 4:1, 8; Titus 2:13
          10. d. “The day of the Lord,” or a similar expression. John 6:39-54; Romans 2:5; 1 Corinthians 1:8; Philippians 1:6, 10; 1 Thessalonians 5:2; 2 Thessalonians 1:10; 2 Timothy 1:12, 18; 2 Peter 2:9; 3:10, 12; Jude 1:6; Revelation 6:17
          11. Christ is called “the coming One” with reference to both advents. Matthew 21:9; Luke 7:19, 20; 19:38; John 3:31; Revelation 1:4; 4:8
          12. 3. Evidence that a literal, personal advent of Christ still future is taught in the Bible.
          13. a. The analogy of the first advent.
          14. b. The coming itself, its manner and purpose, are alike defined. Matthew 16:27; 24:30; 25:31; 26:64; Mark 8:38; Luke 21:27
          15. c. The apostles understood these predictions to relate to a literal advent of Christ in person. Acts 1:11; 3:19-21; 1 Corinthians 4:5; 11:26; 15:23; Hebrews 9:28; 10:37
          16. 4. The exact time declared to be unknown. Matthew 24:36; Mark 13:32; Luke 12:40; Acts 1:6, 7; 1 Thessalonians 5:1-3; 2 Peter 3:3, 4, 10; Revelation 16:15
          17. 5. The Judge of the world.
          18. This will be Jesus Christ, in His official character as mediator, in both natures, as the God-man. This is evident,
          19. a. Because as judge He is called the “Son of man” (Matthew 25:31, 32), and “the man ordained by God.” Acts 17:31
          20. b. Because it pertains to Him as mediator to complete and publicly manifest the salvation of His people and the overthrow of His enemies, together with the glorious righteousness of His work in both respects. 2 Thessalonians 1:7-10; Revelation 1:7
          21. 6. The subjects of the judgment.
          22. a. The whole race of man. The dead will be raised, and the living changed simultaneously. Matthew 25:31-46; 1 Corinthians 15:51, 52; 2 Corinthians 5:10; 1 Thessalonians 4:17; 2 Thessalonians 1:6-10; Revelation 20:11-15
          23. b. All evil angels. 2 Peter 2:4; Jude 1:6. Good angels appearing as attendants and ministers. Matthew 13:41, 42
          24. 6. The moral effect of the Scripture teaching as to Christ’s second advent.
          25. Christians ought thereby to be comforted when in sorrow, and always stimulated to duty. Philippians 3:20; Colossians 3:4, 5; James 5:7; 1 John 3:2, 3
          26. Their duty also to love, watch, wait for, and hasten to, the coming of their Lord. Luke 12:35-37; 1 Corinthians 1:7, 8; Philippians 3:20; 1 Thessalonians 1:9, 10; 2 Timothy 4:8; 2 Peter 3:12; Revelation 22:20
          27. Unbelievers should be filled with fearful apprehension, and should come to immediate repentance. Mark 13:35, 37; 2 Peter 3:9, 10; Jude 1:14, 15
        4. IV. Heaven and Hell.
          1. 1. New Testament usage of the words.“Heaven” used chiefly in three senses:—
          2. a. The upper air where the birds fly. Matthew 8:20; 24:30
          3. b. The region in which the stars reside. Acts 7:42; Hebrews 11:12
          4. c. The abode of Christ’s human nature, the scene of the special manifestation of divine glory, and of the eternal blessedness of the saints.
          5. 2. Terms used to designate the future blessedness of the saints.
          6. a. Literal terms:—
          7. Life, eternal life. Matthew 7:14; 19:16, 29; 25:46
          8. Glory, the glory of God, an eternal weight of glory. Romans 2:7, 10; 5:2; 2 Corinthians 4:17
          9. Peace. Romans 2:10
          10. Salvation, and eternal salvation. Hebrews 5:7
          11. b. Figurative terms:—
          12. Paradise. Luke 23:43; 2 Corinthians 12:4; Revelation 2:7
          13. Heavenly Jerusalem. Galatians 4:26; Revelation 3:12
          14. Kingdom of heaven, heavenly kingdom, eternal kingdom, kingdom prepared from the foundation of the world. Matthew 25:34; 2 Timothy 4:18; 2 Peter 1:11
          15. Eternal inheritance. 1 Peter 1:4; Hebrews 9:15
          16. The blessed are said to sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; to be in Abraham’s bosom (Luke 16:22; Matthew 8:11); to reign with Christ (2 Timothy 2:11, 12); to enjoy a Sabbath of rest. Hebrews 4:10, 1
          17. 3. Heaven as a place
          18. The Scriptures represent heaven as a definite place as well as a state of blessedness. John 17:24; 2 Corinthians 5:6-10; Revelation 5:6
          19. 4. Wherein does the blessedness of heaven consist as far as revealed?
          20. moral, and social. Revelation 7:16, 17; 21:4, 27
          21. b. In the perfection of our nature. 1 Corinthians 13:9-12; 15:45-49; 1 John 3:2
          22. c. In the sight of our Redeemer, communion with His person, and fellowship in all His glory and blessedness, and through Him with saints and angels. John 17:24; 1 John 1:3; Revelation 3:21; 21:3-5
          23. d. In that “beatific vision of God” which, consisting in the ever increasingly clear discovery of the divine excellence lovingly apprehended, transforms the soul into the same image, from glory to glory. Matthew 5:8; 2 Corinthians 3:18
          24. 5. The principal terms, literal and figurative,which are applied in Scripture to the future condition of the reprobate.
          25. As a place it is literally designated by Gehenna (Matthew 5:22, 29, 30), and by the phrase “place of torment.” Luke 16:28. As a condition of suffering, it is literally designated by the phrases “wrath of God” (Romans 2:5) and “second death.” Revelation 21:8
          26. Figurative terms:—
          27. “Everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels,” Matthew 25:41
          28. “Hell, where their worm dies not and the fire is not quenched.” Mark 9:48
          29. “The lake which burns with fire and brimstone.” Revelation 21:8
          30. “The pit of the abyss.” Revelation 9:2
          31. The dreadful nature of this abode of the wicked is implied in such expressions as “outer darkness,”
          32. 6. The teaching of the Scriptures as to the nature of future punishments.
          33. a. These sufferings will consist—
          34. (1). In the loss of all good.
          35. (2). In all the natural consequences of unrestrained sin, judicial abandonment, utter alienation from God, and the society of the lost. 2 Thessalonians 1:9
          36. (3). In the positive infliction of torment, God’s wrath abiding upon those who do not believe. John 3:36
          37. b. The Scriptures also establish the facts that these sufferings must be—
          38. (1). Dreadful in degree.
          39. (2). Endless in duration.
          40. (3). Proportioned to the deserts of the subject. Matthew 10:15; Luke 12:47, 48
    5. Marriage
      1. Genesis
        1. Genesis 1:26-27
        2. Genesis 1:31
        3. Genesis 2:24
        4. Genesis 19:4-11
        5. Judges 19:22-25
        6. Genesis 9:20-27
      2. OldTestament
        1. "God made Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve!"
        2. SODOMITES
          1. 1Kings 14:24; 15:12; 22:46; II Kings 23:7)
          2. SODOM & GOMORROAH
        3. Deuteronomy 23:17-18
        4. 2 Kings 23:7
        5. (Leviticus 18:22; c.f 20:13).
          1. "You shall not lie with mankind, as with womankind: it is an abomination" (Leviticus 18:22; c.f 20:13).
        6. Leviticus 20:13
        7. Ezekiel 16:50
      3. Genesis 2:24, cited in 1 Corinthians 6:16.
      4. NewTestament
        1. (Romans 1:18-21)
          1. Even their women exchanged natural relations for unnatural ones.
        2. Romans 1:26-27,
        3. I Corinthians 6:9-12
        4. Jude 7
        5. Romans 1:24-28:
        6. Romans 1:24 and 6:19; 2 Corinthians 12:21; Galatians 5:19; 1 Thessalonians 2:3 and 4:7; see Ephesians 4:19; 5:3,5; and Colossians 3:5.]
        7. 2 Peter 2:7
        8. Revelation 21:8; 22:15
    6. Truth
    7. Blasphemy
      1. General
        1. Christ assailed with (Matthew 10:25; Luke 22:64, 65; 1 Peter 4:14)
        2. Charged upon Christ (Matthew 9:2, 3; 26:64, 65; John 10:33, 36)
        3. Charged upon saints (Acts 6:11, 13)
        4. Proceeds from the heart (Matthew 15:19)
        5. Forbidden (Exodus 20:7; Colossians 3:8)
        6. The wicked addicted to (Psalm 74:18; Isaiah 52:5; 2 Timothy 3:2; Revelation 18:11, 21)
        7. Idolatry counted as (Isaiah 65:7; Ezekiel 20:27, 28)
        8. Hypocrisy counted as (Revelation 2:9)
        9. Saints grieved to hear (Psalm 44:15, 16; 74:10, 18, 22)
        10. Gives no occasion for (2 Samuel 12:14; 1 Timothy 6:1)
        11. Against the Holy Spirit, unpardonable (Matthew 12:31, 32)
        12. Connected with folly and pride (2 Kings 19:22; Psalm 74:18)
        13. Punishment of (Leviticus 24:16; Isaiah 65:7; Ezekiel 20:27-33; 35:11, 12)
      2. Exemplified
        1. The Danite (Leviticus 24:11)
        2. Sennacherib (2 Kings 19:4, 10, 22)
        3. The Jews (Luke 22:65)
        4. Hymenaeus (1 Timothy 1:20)
    8. Edification
      1. Overview
        1. Described (Ephesians 4:12-16)
      2. IS THE OBJECT OF
        1. The ministerial office (Ephesians 4:11, 12)
        2. Ministerial gifts (1 Corinthians 14:3-5, 12)
        3. Ministerial authority (2 Corinthians 10:8; 13:10)
        4. The Church’s union in Christ (Ephesians 4:16)
        5. The gospel, the instrument of (Acts 20:32)
        6. Love leads to (1 Corinthians 8:1)
        7. Exhortation to (Jude 1:20, 21)
        8. Mutual, commanded (Romans 14:19; 1 Thessalonians 5:11)
        9. All to be done to (2 Corinthians 12:19; Ephesians 4:29)
        10. Use self-denial to promote, in others (1 Corinthians 10:23, 33)
        11. The peace of the Church favours (Acts 9:31)
        12. Foolish questions opposed to (1 Timothy 1:4)
    9. Enemies
      1. General
        1. Christ prayed for his (Luke 23:34)
        2. The lives of, to be spared (1 Samuel 24:10; 2 Samuel 16:10, 11)
        3. The goods of, to be taken care of (Exodus 23:4, 5)
      2. SHOULD BE
        1. Loved (Matthew 5:44)
        2. Prayed for (Acts 7:60)
        3. Assisted (Proverbs 25:21; Romans 12:20)
        4. Overcome by kindness (1 Samuel 26:21)
        5. Rejoice not at the misfortunes of (Job 31:29)
        6. Rejoice not at the failings of (Proverbs 24:17)
        7. Desire not the death of (1 Kings 3:11)
        8. Curse them not (Job 31:30)
        9. Be affectionately concerned for (Psalm 35:13)
        10. The friendship of, deceitful (2 Samuel 20:9, 10; Proverbs 26:26; 27:6; Matthew 26:48, 49)
        11. God defends against (Psalm 59:9; 61:3)
        12. God delivers from (1 Samuel 12:11; Ezra 8:31; Psalm 18:48)
        13. Made to be at peace with saints (Proverbs 16:7)
        14. Pray for deliverance from (1 Samuel 12:10; Psalm 17:9; 59:1; 64:1)
        15. Of saints, God will destroy (Psalm 60:12)
        16. Praise God for deliverance from (Psalm 136:24)
    10. Fasting
      1. General
        1. Spirit of, explained (Isaiah 58:6, 7)
        2. Not to be made a subject of display (Matthew 6:16-18)
        3. Should be to God (Zechariah 7:5; Matthew 6:18)
        4. For the chastening of the soul (Psalm 69:10)
        5. For the humbling of the soul (Psalm 35:13)
      2. OBSERVED ON OCCASIONS OF
        1. Judgments of God (Joel 1:14; 2:12)
        2. Public calamities (2 Samuel 1:12)
        3. Afflictions of the Church (Luke 5:33-35)
        4. Afflictions of others (Psalm 35:13; Daniel 6:18)
        5. Private afflictions (2 Samuel 12:16)
        6. Approaching danger (Esther 4:16)
        7. Ordination of ministers (Acts 13:3; 14:23)
      3. ACCOMPANIED BY
        1. Prayer (Ezra 8:23; Daniel 9:3)
        2. Confession of sin (1 Samuel 7:6; Nehemiah 9:1, 2)
        3. Mourning (Joel 2:12)
        4. Humiliation (Deuteronomy 9:18; Nehemiah 9:1)
        5. Promises connected with (Isaiah 58:8-12; Matthew 6:18)
      4. OF HYPOCRITES
        1. Described (Isaiah 58:4, 5)
        2. Ostentatious (Matthew 6:16)
        3. Boasted of, before God (Luke 18:12)
        4. Rejected (Isaiah 58:3; Jeremiah 14:12)
        5. Extraordinary Exemplified
        6. Our Lord (Matthew 4:2)
        7. Moses (Exodus 34:28; Deuteronomy 9:9, 18)
        8. Elijah (1 Kings 19:8)
        9. National Exemplified
        10. Israel (Judges 20:26; Ezra 8:21; Esther 4:3, 16; Jeremiah 36:9)
        11. Men of Jabesh-gilead (1 Samuel 31:13)
        12. Ninevites (Jonah 3:5-8)
        13. Of Saints Exemplified
        14. David (2 Samuel 12:16; Psalm 109:24)
        15. Nehemiah (Nehemiah 1:4)
        16. Esther (Esther 4:16)
        17. Daniel (Daniel 9:3)
        18. Disciples of John (Matthew 9:14)
        19. Anna (Luke 2:37)
        20. Cornelius (Acts 10:30)
        21. Christians (Acts 13:2)
        22. Apostles (2 Corinthians 6:5)
        23. Paul (2 Corinthians 11:27)
        24. Of the wicked-Exemplified
        25. Elders of Jezreel (1 Kings 21:12)
        26. Ahab (1 Kings 21:27)
        27. Pharisees (Mark 2:18; Luke 18:12)
    11. Money
      1. Tithe
        1. General
          1. The tenth of anything (1 Samuel 8:15, 17)
          2. Antiquity of the custom of giving to God’s ministers (Genesis 14:20; Hebrews 7:6)
          3. Considered a just return to God for his blessings (Genesis 28:22)
          4. Under the law belonged to God (Leviticus 27:30)
        2. CONSISTED OF A TENTH
          1. Of all the produce of the land (Leviticus 27:30)
          2. Of all cattle (Leviticus 27:32)
          3. Of holy things dedicated (2 Chronicles 31:6)
          4. Given by God to the Levites for their services (Numbers 18:21, 24; Nehemiah 10:37)
          5. The tenth of, offered by the Levites as an heave offering to God (Numbers 18:26, 27)
          6. The tenth of, given by the Levites to the priests as their portion (Numbers 18:26, 28; Nehemiah 10:38)
          7. Reasonableness of appointing, for the Levites (Numbers 18:20, 23, 24; Joshua 13:33)
          8. When redeemed to a fifth part of the value added (Leviticus 27:31)
          9. Punishment for changing (Leviticus 27:33)
          10. The Jews slow in giving (Nehemiah 13:10)
          11. The Jews reproved for withholding (Malachi 3:8)
          12. The pious governors of Israel caused the payment of (2 Chronicles 31:5; Nehemiah 13:11, 12)
          13. Rulers appointed over, for distributing (2 Chronicles 31:12; Nehemiah 13:13)
          14. The Pharisees scrupulous in paying (Luke 11:42; 18:12)
        3. A SECOND
          1. Or its value yearly brought to the tabernacle and eaten before the Lord (Deuteronomy 12:6, 7, 17-19; 14:22-27)
          2. To be consumed at home every third year to promote hospitality and charity (Deuteronomy 14:28, 29; 26:12-15)
      2. Offering
  2. Faith-BELIEF
    1. Just shall Live by Faith
      1. Habakkuk 2:4 Behold, his soul which is lifted up is not upright in him: but the just shall live by his faith.
      2. Romans 1:17 For therein is the righteousness of God revealed from faith to faith: as it is written, The just shall live by faith.
      3. Galatians 3:11 But that no man is justified by the law in the sight of God, it is evident: for, The just shall live by faith.
      4. Hebrews 10:38 Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.
    2. Despair
      1. General
        1. Produced in the wicked by divine judgments (Deuteronomy 28:34, 67; Revelation 9:6; 16:10)
      2. LEADS TO
        1. Continuing in sin (Jeremiah 2:25; 18:12)
        2. Blasphemy (Isaiah 8:21; Revelation 16:10, 11)
        3. Shall seize upon the wicked at the appearing of Christ (Revelation 6:16)
        4. Saints sometimes tempted to (Job 7:6; Lamentations 3:18)
        5. Saints enabled to overcome (2 Corinthians 4:8, 9)
        6. Trust in God, a preservative against (Psalm 42:5, 11)
      3. Exemplified
        1. Cain (Genesis 4:13, 14)
        2. Ahithophel (2 Samuel 17:23)
        3. Judas (Matthew 27:5)
  3. Confession of Sin
    1. General
      1. God requires (Leviticus 5:5; Hosea 5:15)
      2. God regards (Job 33:27, 28; Daniel 9:20-23)
      3. Exhortation to (Joshua 7:19; Jeremiah 3:13; James 5:16)
      4. Promises to (Leviticus 26:40-42; Proverbs 28:13)
    2. SHOULD BE ACCOMPANIED WITH
      1. Submission to punishment (Leviticus 26:41; Nehemiah 9:33; Ezra 9:13)
      2. Prayer for forgiveness (2 Samuel 24:10; Psalm 25:11; 51:1; Jeremiah 14:7-9, 20)
      3. Self-abasement (Isaiah 64:5, 6; Jeremiah 3:25)
      4. Godly sorrow (Psalm 38:18; Lamentations 1:20)
      5. Forsaking sin (Proverbs 28:13)
      6. Restitution (Numbers 5:6, 7)
      7. Should be full and unreserved (Psalm 32:5; 51:3; 106:6)
      8. Followed by pardon (Psalm 32:5; 1 John 1:9)
      9. Illustrated (Luke 15:21; 18:13)
    3. Exemplified
      1. Aaron (Numbers 12:11)
      2. Israelites (Numbers 21:6, 7; 1 Samuel 7:6; 12:19)
      3. Saul (1 Samuel 15:24)
      4. David (2 Samuel 24:10)
      5. Ezra (Ezra 9:6)
      6. Nehemiah (Nehemiah 1:6, 7)
      7. Levites (Nehemiah 9:4, 33, 34)
      8. Job (Job 7:20)
      9. Daniel (Daniel 9:4)
      10. Peter (Luke 5:8)
      11. Thief (Luke 23:41)
  4. Confessing Christ
    1. Influences of the Holy Spirit necessary to (1 Corinthians 12:3; 1 John 4:2)
    2. A test of being saints (1 John 2:23; 4:2, 3)
    3. An evidence of union with God (1 John 4:15)
    4. Necessary to salvation (Romans 10:9, 10)
    5. Ensures his confessing us (Matthew 10:32)
    6. The fear of man prevents (John 7:13; 12:42, 43)
    7. Persecution should not prevent us from (Mark 8:35; 2 Timothy 2:12)
    8. Must be connected with faith (Romans 10:9)
    9. Consequences of not (Matthew 10:33)
    10. Exemplified
    11. Nathanael (John 1:49)
    12. Peter (John 6:68, 69; Acts 2:22-36)
    13. Man born blind (John 9:25, 33)
    14. Martha (John 11:27)
    15. Peter and John (Acts 4:7-12)
    16. Apostles (Acts 5:29-32, 42)
    17. Stephen (Acts 7:52, 59)
    18. Paul (Acts 9:29)
    19. Timothy (1 Timothy 6:12)
    20. John (Revelation 1:9)
    21. Church in Pergamos (Revelation 2:13)
    22. Martyrs (Revelation 20:4)
  5. BELIEVE the GOSPEL
    1. Doctrines of the Gospel
      1. Are from God (John 7:16; Acts 13:12)
      2. Are taught by Scripture (2 Timothy 3:16)
      3. Are godly (1 Timothy 6:3; Titus 1:1)
      4. Immorality condemned by (1 Timothy 1:9-11)
      5. Lead to fellowship with the Father and with the Son (1 John 1:3; 2 John 1:9)
      6. Lead to holiness (Romans 6:17-22; Titus 2:12)
      7. Bring no reproach on (1 Timothy 6:1; Titus 2:5)
    2. MINISTERS SHOULD
      1. Be nourished up in (1 Timothy 4:6)
      2. Attend to (1 Timothy 4:13, 16)
      3. Hold, in sincerity (2 Corinthians 2:17; Titus 2:7)
      4. Hold steadfastly (2 Timothy 1:13; Titus 1:9)
      5. Continue in (1 Timothy 4:16)
      6. Speak things which become (Titus 2:1)
      7. Saints obey, from the heart (Romans 6:17)
      8. Saints abide in (Acts 2:42)
      9. A faithful walk adorns (Titus 2:10)
      10. The obedience of saints leads to surer knowledge of (John 7:17)
    3. THOSE WHO OPPOSE ARE
      1. Proud (1 Timothy 6:3, 4)
      2. Ignorant (1 Timothy 6:4)
      3. Doting about questions, &c (1 Timothy 6:4)
      4. Not to be received (2 John 1:10)
      5. To be avoided (Romans 16:17)
      6. Not endured by the wicked (2 Timothy 4:3)
  6. Conversion
    1. General
      1. By God (1 Kings 18:37; John 6:44; Acts 21:19)
      2. By Christ (Acts 3:26; Romans 15:18)
      3. By the power of the Holy Spirit (Proverbs 1:23)
      4. Is of grace (Acts 11:21, 23)
      5. Follows repentance (Acts 3:19; 26:20)
      6. Is the result of faith (Acts 11:21)
    2. THROUGH THE INSTRUMENTALITY OF
      1. The scriptures (Psalm 19:7)
      2. Ministers (Acts 26:18; 1 Thessalonians 1:9)
      3. Self-examination (Psalm 119:59; Lamentations 3:40)
      4. Affliction (Psalm 78:34)
    3. OF SINNERS, A CAUSE OF JOY
      1. To God (Ezekiel 18:23; Luke 15:32)
      2. To saints (Acts 15:3; Galatians 1:23, 24)
      3. Is necessary (Matthew 18:3)
      4. Commanded (Job 36:10)
      5. Exhortations to (Proverbs 1:23; Isaiah 31:6; 55:7; Jeremiah 3:7; Ezekiel 33:11)
      6. Promises connected with (Nehemiah 1:9; Isaiah 1:27; Jeremiah 3:14; Ezekiel 18:27)
      7. Pray for (Psalm 80:7; 85:4; Jeremiah 31:18; Lamentations 5:21)
      8. Is accompanied by confession of sin, and prayer (1 Kings 8:35)
      9. Danger of neglecting (Psalm 7:12; Jeremiah 44:5, 11; Ezekiel 3:19)
      10. Duty of leading sinners to (Psalm 51:13)
      11. Encouragement for leading sinners to (Daniel 12:3; James 5:19, 20)
      12. Of Gentiles, predicted (Isaiah 2:2; 11:10; 60:5; 66:12)
      13. Of Israel, predicted (Ezekiel 36:25-27)
  7. Baptism
    1. General
      1. As administered by John (Matthew 3:5-12; John 3:23; Acts 13:24; 19:4)
      2. Sanctioned by Christ’s submission to it (Matthew 3:13-15; Luke 3:21)
      3. Adopted by Christ (John 3:22; 4:1, 2)
      4. Appointed an ordinance of the Christian church (Matthew 28:19, 20; Mark 16:15, 16)
      5. To be administered in the name of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (Matthew 28:19)
      6. Water, the outward and visible sign in (Acts 8:36; 10:47)
      7. Regeneration, the inward and spiritual grace of (John 3:3, 5, 6; Romans 6:3, 4, 11)
      8. Remission of sins, signified by (Acts 2:38; 22:16)
      9. Unity of the Church effected by (1 Corinthians 12:13; Galatians 3:27, 28)
      10. Confession of sin necessary to (Matthew 3:6)
      11. Repentance necessary to (Acts 2:38)
      12. Faith necessary to (Acts 8:37; 18:8)
      13. There is but one (Ephesians 4:5)
    2. ADMINISTERED TO
      1. Individuals (Acts 8:38; 9:18)
      2. Households (Acts 16:15; 1 Corinthians 1:16)
      3. Only to professing believers (Acts 2:38; Matthew 3:6; Mark 16:16; Acts 8:12, 37; 10:47, 48)
      4. Scriptures supporting infant baptism (Proverbs 30:6)
      5. Administered by immersing the whole body of the person in water (Matthew 3:16; Acts 8:38, 39)
      6. Emblematic of the influences of the Holy Spirit (Matthew 3:11; Titus 3:5)
      7. Typified (1 Corinthians 10:2; 1 Peter 3:20, 21)
    3. Baptism with the Holy Spirit
      1. Foretold (Ezekiel 36:25)
      2. Is through Christ (Titus 3:6)
      3. Christ administered (Matthew 3:11; John 1:33)
      4. Promised to saints (Acts 1:5; 2:38, 39; 11:16)
      5. All saints partake of (1 Corinthians 12:13)
      6. Necessity for (John 3:5; Acts 19:2-6)
      7. Renews and cleanses the soul (Titus 3:5; 1 Peter 3:20, 21)
      8. The Word of God instrumental to (Acts 10:44; Ephesians 5:26)
      9. Typified (Acts 2:1-4)
  8. Christian Conduct
    1. GENERAL
      1. Believing God (Mark 11:22; John 14:11, 12)
      2. Fearing God (Ecclesiastes 12:13; 1 Peter 2:17)
      3. Loving God (Deuteronomy 6:5; Matthew 22:37)
      4. Following God (Ephesians 5:1; 1 Peter 1:15, 16)
      5. Obeying God (Luke 1:6; 1 John 5:3)
      6. Rejoicing in God (Psalm 33:1; Habakkuk 3:18)
      7. Believing in Christ (John 6:29; 1 John 3:23)
      8. Loving Christ (John 21:15; 1 Peter 1:7, 8)
      9. Following the example of Christ (John 13:15; 1 Peter 2:21-24)
      10. Obeying Christ (John 14:21; 15:14)
    2. LIVING
      1. To Christ (Romans 14:8; 2 Corinthians 5:15)
      2. To righteousness (Micah 6:8; Romans 6:18; 1 Peter 2:24)
      3. Soberly, righteously, and godly (Titus 2:12)
    3. WALKING
      1. Honestly (1 Thessalonians 4:12)
      2. Worthy of God (1 Thessalonians 2:12)
      3. Worthy of the Lord (Colossians 1:10)
      4. In the Spirit (Galatians 5:25)
      5. After the Spirit (Romans 8:1)
      6. In newness of life (Romans 6:4)
      7. Worthy of vocation (Ephesians 4:1)
      8. As children of light (Ephesians 5:8)
      9. Rejoicing in Christ (Philippians 3:1; 4:4)
      10. Loving one another (John 15:12; Romans 12:10; 1 Corinthians 13:1-13; Ephesians 5:2; Hebrews 13:1)
      11. Striving for the faith (Philippians 1:27; Jude 1:3)
      12. Putting away all sin (1 Corinthians 5:7; Hebrews 12:1)
      13. Abstaining from all appearance of evil (1 Thessalonians 5:22)
      14. Perfecting holiness (Matthew 5:48; 2 Corinthians 7:1; 2 Timothy 3:17)
      15. Hating defilement (Jude 1:23)
      16. Following after that which is good (Philippians 4:8; 1 Thessalonians 5:15; 1 Timothy 6:11)
      17. Overcoming the world (1 John 5:4, 5)
      18. Adorning the gospel (Matthew 5:16; Titus 2:10)
      19. Showing a good example (1 Timothy 4:12; 1 Peter 2:12; Titus 2:7)
      20. Abounding in the work of the Lord (1 Corinthians 15:58; 2 Corinthians 8:7; 1 Thessalonians 4:1)
      21. Shunning the wicked (Psalm 1:1; 2 Thessalonians 3:6)
      22. Controlling the body (1 Corinthians 9:27; Colossians 3:5)
      23. Subduing the temper (Ephesians 4:26; James 1:19)
      24. Submitting to injuries (Matthew 5:39-41; 1 Corinthians 6:7)
      25. Forgiving injuries (Matthew 6:14; Romans 12:20)
      26. Living peaceably with all (Romans 12:18; Hebrews 12:14)
      27. Visiting the afflicted (Matthew 25:36; James 1:27)
      28. Doing as we would be done by (Matthew 7:12; Luke 6:31)
      29. Sympathising with others (Galatians 6:2; 1 Thessalonians 5:14)
      30. Honouring others (Psalm 15:4; Romans 12:10)
      31. Fulfilling domestic duties (Ephesians 6:1-8; 1 Peter 3:1-7)
      32. Submitting to Authorities (Romans 13:1-7)
      33. Being liberal to others (Acts 20:35; Romans 12:13)
      34. Being contented (Philippians 4:11; Hebrews 13:5)
      35. Blessedness of maintaining (Psalm 1:1-3; 19:9-11; 50:23; Matthew 5:3-12; John 15:10; 7:17)
  9. Celebrations
    1. True Holy Days
      1. Passover
      2. Crucifixion & Resuccetion
        1. 1. Matthew 12:40 ...For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the whale’s belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth”
        2. 2. Between the ninth and twelfth hour (3:00 - 6:00 p.m.) Christ died (Luke 23:44-46)
        3. 3. With Governor  Pilate’s permission, Joseph of Arimathaea procured the body, wrapped it in linen (John 19:40) and  placed it in the sepulcher (Luke 23:50-53).
        4. 4. By the time the burial was complete, the Sabbath “drew  on” (vs. 54). Thus, the burial took place on Passover day, shortly before sunset
        5. 5. That Passover was a preparation day, in that it preceded an annual Sabbath. This annual Sabbath  (called the First Day of Unleavened Bread) was called a high Sabbath or “high day” (John 19:31) and  fell on a Thursday that year.
        6. 6.  It was on this day that the high priest and the Pharisees came to Pilate  to ensure that Christ’s tomb was securely guarded and sealed (Matt. 27:62-66)
        7. 7. Mark 16:1 records what took place on that Friday: “And when the sabbath was past, Mary Magdalene,  and Mary the mother of James, and Salome, had bought sweet spices, that they might come and  anoint Him.” (Verse 2 jumps to Sunday morning.)
        8. 8. The phrase, “and when the Sabbath was passed,”  refers to the high day that occurred on Thursday. Since the women could not buy spices on the  seventh-day Sabbath (Saturday), Friday was the only time they could have done so. 
        9. 9. Luke 23:56 states, “And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath  day according to the commandment.” After buying the spices, they returned and prepared them to  be applied to Christ’s body in the tomb, which they planned to do after resting on the weekly  Sabbath.
        10. 10. Luke 24:1 states, “Now upon the first day of the week [Sunday], very early in the morning, they came  unto the sepulcher, bringing the spices which they had prepared, and certain others with them.”
        11. 11. The  women found the tomb empty (vs. 3). Two angels in shining garments informed them that Christ  was already “risen” (vs. 4-6). 
        12. 12. Mark 16:2 states that the women were present “at the rising of the sun.” This means Christ was resurrected before sunrise. 
        13. 13. John 20:1 further tells us that Mary  Magdalene came early “when it was yet dark” and found the stone that sealed the tomb was already  rolled away.
        14. 14. No sunrise resurrection could have occurred—because Christ was already resurrected!
        15. 15. Christ was placed in the tomb just before sunset on Wednesday. Three complete days (three days  and three nights) bring us to the end of the weekly Sabbath, just prior to sunset, when Christ was  resurrected—just as He had prophesied! 
    2. False Christian Celebrations
      1. Easter
        1. 1. Professing Christianity has erroneously followed the Roman Catholic Good Friday-Easter Sunday
        2. 2. This tradition teaches that Christ was in the grave from late Friday afternoon, just before sunset, until Sunday sunrise.
        3. 3. This timeframe includes Friday night, the daylight portion of Saturday, and Saturday night.
        4. 4. This is clearly two nights and one day—not three days and three nights, as Christ promised as His only sign.
        5. 5. One  day and two nights cannot mean three days and three nights.  
      2. Birthdays
        1. Recorded Birthday Celebrations in the Bible In the Bible on only 2 separate occasions. In each case something terrible occurred.
          1. 1. Genesis 40:1-23 First account Pharaoh (Genesis 40:20) celebrated his birthday by executing his chief baker
          2. 2.  Matthew 14:3-11   During his Birthday party Herodreluctantly ordered the beheading of John the Baptist
        2. Recorded Birthdays of Servants of God There is no Biblical record of any of the birthdays of God's Servants
          1. Birthdays of Servants of God.rtf
        3. Birthday Celebrations are Not Christian.pdf
  10. Conscience
    1. Witnesses in man (Proverbs 20:27; Romans 2:15)
    2. Accuses of sin (Genesis 42:21; 2 Samuel 24:10; Matthew 27:3; Acts 2:37)
    3. We should have the approval of (Job 27:6; Acts 24:16; Romans 9:1; 14:22)
    4. The blood of Christ alone can purify (Hebrews 9:14; 10:2-10, 22)
    5. Keep the faith in purity of (1 Timothy 1:19; 3:9)
    6. Of saints, pure and good (Hebrews 13:18; 1 Peter 3:16, 21)
    7. Submit to authority for (Romans 13:5)
    8. Suffer patiently for (1 Peter 2:19)
    9. Testimony of, a source of joy (2 Corinthians 1:12; 1 John 3:21)
    10. Of others, not to be offended (Romans 14:21; 1 Corinthians 10:28-32)
    11. Ministers should commend themselves to that of their people (2 Corinthians 4:2; 5:11)
    12. Of the wicked, seared (1 Timothy 4:2)
    13. Of the wicked, defiled (Titus 1:15)
    14. Without spiritual illumination, a false guide (Acts 23:1; 26:9)
  11. Creditors
    1. Defined (Philemon 1:18)
    2. MIGHT DEMAND
      1. Pledges (Deuteronomy 24:10, 11; Proverbs 22:27)
      2. Security of others (Proverbs 6:1; 22:26)
      3. Mortgages on property (Nehemiah 5:3)
      4. Bills or promissory notes (Luke 16:6, 7)
      5. To return before sunset, garments taken in pledge (Exodus 22:26, 27; Deuteronomy 24:12, 13; Ezekiel 18:7, 12)
    3. PROHIBITED FROM
      1. Taking millstones in pledge (Deuteronomy 24:6)
      2. Violently selecting pledges (Deuteronomy 24:10)
      3. Exacting usury from brethren (Exodus 22:25; Leviticus 25:36, 37)
      4. Exacting debts from brethren during sabbatical year (Deuteronomy 15:2, 3)
      5. Might take interest from strangers (Deuteronomy 23:20)
      6. Sometimes entirely remitted debts (Nehemiah 5:10-12; Matthew 18:27; Luke 7:42)
      7. Often cruel in exacting debts (Nehemiah 5:7-9; Job 24:3-9; Matthew 18:28-30)
    4. OFTEN EXACTED DEBTS
      1. By selling the debtor or taking him for a servant (Matthew 18:25; Exodus 21:2)
      2. By selling the debtor’s property (Matthew 18:25)
      3. By selling the debtor’s family (2 Kings 4:1; Job 24:9; Matthew 18:25)
      4. By imprisonment (Matthew 5:25, 26; 18:34)
      5. From the sureties (Proverbs 11:15; 22:26, 27)
      6. Were often defrauded (1 Samuel 22:2; Luke 16:5-7)
    5. ILLUSTRATIVE OF
      1. God’s claim upon men (Matthew 5:25, 26; 18:23, 25; Luke 7:41, 47)
      2. The demands of the law (Galatians 5:3)