1. Controlled laboratory context
   1. Strictly controlled variables
2. Classroom Research Contexts
3. Combined approaches
   1. experimental
   2. Observational techniques
4. Techniques for Data Collection
   1. Observations
      1. Obtrusive Observers
      2. The Hawthorne Effect
      3. Objectivity and Subjectivity
5. Introspective Methods
   1. Uptake Sheets
   2. Stimulated Recall
   3. Diary Research
6. Action Research
   1. Reflecting on our Teaching