1. CLIL refers to situations where subjects, or parts of subjects.
  2. are taught through a foreign language with dual-focussed aims
  3. (Marsh, 1994)
  4. Basic Principles
    1. The language is used to learn content of the area but also to learn the language in order to understand and communicate.
    2. The subject that is studied determines the type of language that needs to be learned.
    3. Fluency is more important than grammatical and linguistic accuracy in general.
  5. Elements
    1. Content
      1. Allowing for progress in knowledge, skills and understanding of the specific subjects of a particular curriculum
    2. Communication
      1. Using the language to learn while learning to use the language itself
    3. Cognition
      1. Developing the cognitive skills that link the formation of concepts (abstract and concrete), knowledge and language
    4. Culture
      1. Allowing exposure to varied perspectives and shared knowledge that make us more aware of the other and of oneself.
  6. Sections
    1. In other sections that follow, we will discuss key aspects and concepts mentioned in stating these principles: identification of the language required and the concept of scaffolding. Another sub-section will deal with the factors that make learning in general effective, that is, visible.
  7. Characteristics of Methodology
    1. Student-centered teaching
      1. Negotiating issues and tasks Starting from the particular to the generated and not the contrary
    2. Flexible and facilitating teaching
      1. Using texts for children or younger students Carrying out comprehension tasks of the texts, audio or materials that are used with the support of some scaffolding
    3. More interactive and autonomous learning.
      1. Work in pairs and groups Activities that involve the negotiation of meaning Development of work by discovery and research
    4. Use of multiple resources and materials, especially TIC
      1. Use of digital resources and especially of the Web: texts, podcasts, videos, etc. Use of Web 2.0 tools and spaces
    5. Process and task focused learning
      1. A task is an activity that requires students to use the language, emphasizing meaning, to achieve a goal