1. Shayla Haynes
2. Signs/Characteristics
   1. • Inability to do simple tasks
   2. • difficulty in initiating/completing a task
   3. • difficulty in switching from one task to the next
   4. • diminished capacity to locate visually or to identify objects necessary for task completion
   5. • inability to follow simple one step instructions, despite apparently good comprehension
   6. • may make the same mistakes over and over
   7. • activities may take an extremely long time to complete or they may be done impulsively
   8. • may hesitate many times, appeared distracted & frustrated, & exhibit poor planning
   9. • frequently inattentive to one side of the body & extrapersonal space, & may deny the presence or existence of their disability
3. Cognitive Deficits
   1. Attention Disorders
      1. 4 Types of Attention
         1. Sustained
         2. Focused/Selective
         3. Alternating
         4. Divided
   2. Memory Disorders
      1. Levels of Memory
         1. Immediate Recall
         2. STM
         3. LTM
4. Higher-Order Cognition Deficits
   1. Executive functions
      1. Volition
      2. Planning
      3. Purposive Action
      4. Effective Performance
5. Perception Deficits
   1. Body Scheme/body image disorders
      1. Unilateral neglect
      2. Somatoagnosia
         1. Inability to ID/orient one's body parts or others'
      3. Right-Left Discrimination
      4. Finger Agnosia
      5. Anosognosia
   2. Spatial Relation Disorders
      1. Difficulty perceiving relationship between self & 2+ objects
      2. Figure-Ground Discrimination
      3. Form Discrimination
      4. Spatial Relations
      5. Position in Space
      6. Topographic Disorientation
      7. Depth and Distance Perception
      8. Vertical Disorientation
   3. Agnosias
      1. Can't recognize object w/1 sensory but can with other sensory
   4. Apraxia
      1. Impairment of voluntary skilled learned movement
      2. Ideomotor Apraxia
         1. Disconnect between idea of movement & its motor execution
            1. can't move on command but can move automatically
         2. Buccofacial Apraxia
      3. Ideational Apraxia
         1. Failure in the conceptualization of the task
            1. can't move on command or automatically; doesn't know how to do it
6. Standardized Tests
   1. MOS
   2. SF-36
   3. TOM
   4. COPM
   5. RNL
   6. FIM
7. Intervention/Treatment
   1. Retraining/Transfer-of-Training Approach
      1. skills learned from one task can generalize to others
   2. Sensory Integrative Approach
      1. adaptive responses influence the way the brain organizes & processes sensation-->enhanced learning ability
   3. Neurofunctional Approach
      1. Retraining Real World Skills
   4. Functional Approach
   5. Cognitive Approach
      1. Training to structure & organize info & carryover to functional activities
8. KR vs KP
   1. KR-Correct outcome Attained?
   2. KP-How task accomplished?
9. Memory Retraining
   1. Remedial Approach
   2. Compensatory Approach