1. Mass-Storage Structure
   1. Physical Structure
      1. Magnetic Disk
      2. SSD
         1. DRAM
         2. Memory Flash
            1. SLC
            2. MLC
      3. Magnetic Tape
   2. Disk Attachment
      1. Host-Attached Storage
      2. Network-Attached Storage
      3. Storage-Area Network
   3. Disk Scheduling
      1. FCFS Scheduling
      2. SSTF Scheduling
      3. SCAN Scheduling
      4. C-SCAN Scheduling
      5. LOOK Scheduling
   4. Disk Management
      1. Disk Formatting
      2. Boot Block
      3. Bad Blocks
   5. Swap Space Management
      1. Swap-Space Use
      2. Swap-Space Location
   6. RAID Structure
      1. RAID Levels
2. File-System Interface
   1. File Concept
      1. File Attributes
      2. File Operations
      3. File Types
      4. File Structures
   2. Access Methods
      1. Sequential Access
      2. Other access Methods
   3. Directory Structure
      1. Directory Overview
      2. Single-Level Directory
      3. Two-Level Directory
      4. Tree-Structured Directories
      5. Acyclic-Graph Directories
      6. General Graph Directory
   4. FIle System Mounting
   5. File Sharing
      1. Multiple Users
      2. Remote File Systems
         1. The Client-Server Model
         2. Distributes Information Systems
      3. Consistency Semantics
         1. UNIX Semantics
         2. Session Semantics
         3. Immutable-Shared-Files Semantics
      4. Protection
         1. Types of Access
         2. Access Control
         3. Other Protection Approaches
3. File-System Implementation
   1. ................
   2. ................
   3. ..............
4. I/O System
   1. Overview
   2. I/O Hardware
      1. Polling
      2. Interrupts
      3. Direct Memory Access
      4. I/O Hardware Summary
   3. Application I/O Interface
      1. Block and Character Devices
      2. Network Devices
      3. Clocks and Timers
      4. Nonblocking and Asynchronous I/O
      5. Vectored I/O
   4. Kernel I/O Subsystem
      1. I/O Scheduling
      2. Buffering
      3. Caching
      4. Spooling and Device Reservation
      5. Error Handling
      6. I/O Protection
      7. Kernel Data Structures
      8. Kernel I/O Subsystem Summary
   5. Transforming I/O Requests to Hardware Operations
   6. STREAMS
   7. Performance
   8. Summary