1. Magnetic attraction
   1. It uses the principle of magnetism to separate a mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic substances
      1. When a magnet goes near to a magnetic and non-magnetic mixture, the magnetic substances will enter the magnetic field of the magnet and will be filtered out of the mixture onto the magnet.
         1. Examples
            1. Sulphur and iron fillings
            2. Copper and iron nails
            3. Aluminium and iron staples
2. Filtration
   1. Can be used to separate liquid from solid, or a non-soluble solid from a soluble solid
      1. When the solid and liquid mixture is poured through the filter paper, the bigger particles will be filtered out.
      2. When a soluble solid and a non-soluble solid is mixed with a liquid, it forms a mixture, with the non-soluble residue. By poring this through a filter paper, the non-soluble particles will be filtered out by the filer paper. The soluble particles can then be filter out using evaporation.
      3. Examples
         1. Chalk and water
         2. Salt and sand
         3. Air and air particles
3. Evaporation
   1. Used to separate dissolved solids from a solution by having the gradual change of state from liquid to gas that occurs at the liquid's surface
      1. When the solution containing the dissolved solid is heated, the water escapes into the air as gas, leaving behind the solid.
         1. Examples
            1. Salt and water
            2. iron fillings and ethanol
            3. sugar and water
4. Fractional distillation
   1. Used to separate a mixture of miscible liquids with different boiling points
   2. Separate the constituents of air
   3. Works like normal distillation, except with the insertion of glass beads to separate the different types of substances.
   4. Examples
      1. Obtain liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and high-purity argon
      2. Obtain petroleum fractions from crude oil
      3. Make alcoholic beverages
5. Chromatography
   1. (Paper Chromatography) Used to separate the components of a mixture by treating the mixture of a solvent
      1. RNA fingerprinting in forensics
      2. Detecting traces of unpermitted addictives in foodstuffs
      3. Identifying poison or drugs
   2. After putting the substance on a piece of paper, pour the solvent on it to isolate the different colurs of the substance.