1. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
   1. inflammation, injury (intrinsic/extrinsic)
   2. thrombus formation
   3. platelet aggregation
   4. accumulation of clotting factors & platelets
2. DIAGNOSIS
   1. doppler US
   2. serum d-dimer
   3. coagulation studies
3. EPIDEMIOLOGY
   1. 80 cases per 100,000 population occurs annually
   2. 600,000 hospitalization per year
   3. approximately 1 person in 20 develops DVT in their lifetime
   4. four fold higher in the elderly population
   5. male-to-female ratio is 2:1, indicating males have a higher risk
4. CLINICAL PRESENTATION
   1. pain or tenderness
   2. edema/swelling
   3. redness
   4. warmth over the area of thrombosis
5. TREATMENT
   1. anticoagulation
   2. coumadin
   3. heparin
   4. thrombolytic therapy
   5. IVC (inferior vena cava filter
   6. compression stockings, ambulation