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PERMANENT LAND REVENUE SYSTEM
- Thanjavur - company 1799,Carnatic region 1801
- Large tracts under single unit - mitta
- Brehmehal region - 1802
- Palayams - Zamins
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LAND REVENUE SYSTEM
- different ways - maximise revenue
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RYOTWARI SYSTEM
- Cornwallis appointed Alexander Reed, Thomas Munro
- Thomas Munro - Ryotwari system
- Ryotwari - direct connection of Ryots to government
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VILLAGE SETTLEMENT
- Company - Principal Cultivators - Individual ryots(farmers)
- failed
- company - madras council - ryotwari system
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Main Features
- Taxable land made known
- Ryots - right over land
- waste lands government
- probable tax assessed
- ryots - rights complain tax collectors
- Ryots - rights complain over taxation
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Merits
- Ryots paid directly to government
- quantum of tax payable
- fixed revenue through tax
- unwanted lands - not thrusted - peasants
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Demerits
- revenue too high
- landlords ignored
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AGRICULTURE
- main source of livelihood 95% people of tamil nadu
- farmers mainly food crops
- British encourage cash crops
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MAHALWARI SYSTEM
- Lord William Bentick - 1833
- peasant,propreitors entered contract with state
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ACTS
- Workers Compensation act - 1923
- Indian Trade Union Act - 1926
- Mines Act - 1935
- permanent revenue system-1792
- village lease system-1804 - 1814
- Ryotwari system - 1820 - 1827
- Mahalwari system-1833
- The Grand Anicut-Karikala Chola-2 A.D
- Upper Anicut - 1839
- Public Works Department-Lord Dalhousie - 1852
- The Tank Restoration scheme - 1883
- All India Radio Station - 1936
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INTRO
- Tamil Nadu dominated agriculture
- Land Revenue main income government
- Tamilians - foreign countries
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DECLINE OF HANDICRAFTS
- artisan industry collapse cheap machine made products
- railways helped British supply to remote areas
- main customers - Indian kings and courts
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COMING OF INDUSTRIAL GOODS
- railway line madras to arakonam
- establishment of modern industries second half of the 19 century
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IRRIGATION
- tanks irrigating more than 200 acres public works department,less than 200 acres revenue department