1. Symptoms
   1. drowsy
   2. pale
   3. moderately dehydrated
   4. temperature 41 C
      1. Fever types
      2. fever mechanism
   5. slight hepatomegaly
   6. anemia
      1. Dfn.
      2. types
      3. S&S
2. Plan
   1. Preventive measures
      1. Stay inside when it is dark outside, preferably in a screened or air-conditioned room.
      2. Wear protective clothing (long pants and long-sleeved shirts).
      3. Use insect repellent with DEET
      4. Use bed nets
      5. Use flying-insect spray
      6. Avoid areas where malaria and mosquitoes are present
   2. Chemoprophylaxis
      1. Atovaquone-Proguanil
      2. Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine
      3. Doxycycline
      4. Mefloquine
      5. Primaquine
   3. Management
      1. Chloroquine remains the first choice for the non-falciparum malarias.
      2. Artemisinin-based combinations as first-line treatment for uncomplicated falciparum malaria.
      3. Mefloquine also is used for P. falciparum.
      4. If severe P. falciparum: parenteral artesunate or quinine.
      5. Primaquine for prevention of prelapse: P. vivax and P. ovale.
      6. If the patient has taken prophylaxis, don’t use the same drug for treatment.
      7. If the species is unknown or mixed infection, treat as P. falciparum.
   4. Prognosis
      1. Most patients with uncomplicated malaria exhibit marked improvement within 48 hours after the initiation of treatment and are fever free after 96 hours
3. Assessment
   1. Malaria
      1. Diagnosis
         1. History taking
         2. P/E
         3. Investigations
            1. E & U
            2. Thick and thin blood smear
            3. full blood count
            4. Urine analysis and culture
            5. stool culture
            6. blood culture
            7. Chest X-ray
      2. Complications
         1. Cerebral malaria
         2. Severe anaemia
         3. Severe hypoglycaemia
         4. Rapid & massive intravascular haemolysis (Blackwater fever)
         5. Nephrotic syndrome
4. Signs
   1. headache
   2. muscular pain
   3. high fever and sweating
   4. episodes of chills and shivering followed by feeling intense heat and throbbing headache followed by sweating
   5. nausea and vomiting
5. Demographics
   1. Male
   2. Pakistani
   3. 55 yrs old
   4. Married and has 2 children
   5. no travel history
   6. smokes pack/day