1. Economics
   1. Theory
      1. Keynesian
         1. John Keynes
            1. New Keynesian
            2. Robert Lucas
            3. Thomas Sargent
            4. Robert Barro
         2. federal government should spend money to create economic stability; fed. knows what is best for the people
         3. pump priming
      2. Public Choice
         1. Theorists
            1. Sam Peltzman
            2. James Buchanan
            3. Gordon Turlock
            4. George Stigler
         2. people want to make decisions based on their own personal needs
2. Government
   1. Types
      1. Unitary
         1. no state governments; all power lies with national government
      2. Federal
         1. national government and a number of state governments; power is shared
            1. Parliamentary
            2. Constitutional
            3. pluralism
            4. single representative for one group of people to voice opinions, needs, etc. at governmental levels
            5. creation of a federal system
            6. allocation of certain functions to the national government
            7. embodiment of certain principles
            8. Bill of Rights
      3. Confederation
         1. power rests with "soveriegn" state governments and an overarching government has some defined powers
3. Public Administration
   1. intergovernmental relationships
   2. key historical persons
      1. aristotle
         1. "government of laws and not of men"
      2. founding fathers
         1. Madison
         2. Jefferson
      3. Machiavelli
      4. Woodrow Wilson
         1. "father" of modern public administration
4. Ethics
   1. Honor and integrity
      1. ex officio
      2. goodwill
      3. spotless reputation
   2. types
      1. personal
      2. professional
      3. organization
      4. social
   3. administrative accountability
      1. Carl Friedrich
      2. Herman Finer
   4. Cincinatus
5. Types of federalism
   1. dual
      1. layered cake where powers were separated between the local, state and federal governments
   2. marble cake
      1. Morton Grodzins and sanitarians
      2. levels of government are intertwined instead of separate
   3. cooperative
      1. New Deal
         1. jointly managed and jointly funded programs
   4. creative
      1. War on Poverty
         1. federal grants direct to cities which bypassed state governments
   5. new
      1. Nixon
         1. formula grants to states managed decentrally
   6. new new
      1. Reagan-Bush
      2. Clinton
         1. No Child Left Behind
6. Devolution vs. centralization
7. Mandates
   1. Philosophy
   2. Doctrine
   3. Policy
   4. funded
      1. grants
         1. grant in aid
         2. categorical
         3. block
      2. restrictions?
   5. unfunded
      1. effectiveness?