1. INDETERMINISM
   1. Negation of Determinism
   2. Might entail chance/luck/uncertainty
   3. or a fundamentally probabilistic world
2. DETERMINISM
   1. At a given time in world 'w:,
   2. the total state of 'w'
   3. AND
   4. all the laws of 'w'
   5. together ENTAIL
   6. a unique future for 'w'.
   7. state of world + natural laws
3. COMPATIBILISM
   1. The truth of determinism is compatible with the truth of free will:
   2. there is at least one possible world where BOTH determinism is true AND someone has free will.
4. INCOMPATIBILISM
   1. The truth of determinism entails the non-existence of free will:
   2. there is no possible world where BOTH determinism is true AND someone has free will.
   3. However, free will can exist in worlds where determinism is not true:
   4. there is at least one possible world where BOTH indeterminism is true AND someone has free will.
5. MORAL RESPONSIBILITY
   1. When a rational, moral agent with free will acts in a way that is ethically relevant,
   2. s/he can be judged praise-worthy or blame-worthy, rewarded or punished.
6. One and only one of these is true in each possible world.
7. Agree that:
   1. there is at least one possible world where someone has free will.
8. IMPOSSIBILISM
   1. It is metaphysically impossible for anyone to have free will:
   2. there is no possible world where any person has free will
      1. because EITHER free will is incompatible with some NECESSARILY TRUE PROPOSITION
      2. OR our concept of free will is incoherent.
9. Agree that:
   1. free will does not exist in any world where determinism is true.
10. Ability of selecting a course of action...
    1. as a means of fulfilling some desire.
    2. David Hume, Jonathan Edwards
    3. Minimalist Definition
11. Freedom of ACTION
    1. A person ACTS freely when the desire on which s/he acts is the one that s/he desires to be effective.
    2. WILL is free when a person is able to make any of his/her first-order desires the one on which s/he acts.
    3. According to Frankfurt.
12. Causal Control
13. Rational Agent
14. Action
15. Control
16. Choice
17. Deliberation
18. Will
19. words i haven't fit in but probably should
20. Rationality
21. Chance
22. ...and one's deliberation is sensitive to one's own judgments
    1. concerning what is 'good' in the circumstances
    2. whether or not one acts upon such a judgment.
    3. Aristotelian view
23. ...toward 'the good'
    1. and if the good is rejected, it must be because s/he could have acted differently.
    2. Conditions of free will are more demanding when bad choices are made.
    3. Theological view (being ABLE to reject God's love)
24. congruent with one's second-order desires.
    1. First order: desires & beliefs
    2. Second-order: desires about one's desires, reflecting one's true self.
    3. Solves problem of the addict
    4. Harry Frankfurt's definition
25. but
    1. But some animals lacking awareness of moral implications of their actions exhibit goal-directed behavior.
26. Two worries
    1. Can deliberately act motivated by COMPULSIVE desire, so actions are not informed of 'the good'.
    2. Freedom can be undermined or diminished by (external) psychological tampering.
    3. Deliberative process is not freely made.
27. neurophysiological implant / hypnotism
28. addictions
29. but
    1. If a person always simply does 'the good' thing, NEVER being drawn to reject it,
    2. s/he would not have the virtue of free will according to this definition.
30. etcetera
31. but
    1. It's difficult to tell why second-order desires reflect one's 'true self' when
    2. first-order desires, or weak, faint desires often reflect my 'settled', "internal to me" self.
32. Fatalism
    1. I have no control over the past.
    2. I have no control over the past because the past is "fixed" and "settled" in the sense that there now exists a set of true propositions that completely describes the past.
    3. The future is no less real than the past or present in the sense that there are detailed and specific truths about the future, including truths about our future actions.
    4. This is true even if determinism is false, & even if there is no way of knowing, ahead of time, what you will do.
    5. Therefore, the future is "fixed" and "settled" in exactly the same sense that the past is.
       1. (There now exists a set of true propositions that completely describes the future.)
    6. Therefore, I have no control over the future.
    7. Therefore I have no free will.