1. Using Technology to Assist in Inquiry
   1. Use computer slideshows, videos, online sources, CDs, GPS, GIS, to show how gathered information is connected (i.e. layers in GIS)
   2. Computer simulations to show changes in land over time
   3. Using remote sensing technology to detect land use and land type; to assist in environmental assessment
   4. Using online sites and informational videos/DVDs to retrieve information.
   5. Investigate/Scrutinize electronic mass media (i.e. television, radio, computers) in the study of their affect on human geography
   6. Technology to retrieve AND present
2. Communicating/Displaying Information (Presenting)
   1. Create and use maps for various purposes
   2. Present different land uses, natural resource sites on maps
   3. Be able to convey noteworthy messages from research findings
   4. Provide an accurate depiction of the places being described or presented
   5. Creating appropriate presentations for target audiences
   6. Writing reports that communicate authentic, relevant, and practical knowledge; fulfill purpose of the writing
3. Locating and Collecting Data (Acquiring resources)
   1. Survey populations in different areas
   2. Look into satellite images, aerial photos, statistics
   3. Interview relevant individuals, conduct field studies
   4. Examine maps from different periods of time
   5. Use search engines and databases to collect reliable sources.
   6. Explore traditional and non-traditional sources of information
   7. Assess the credibility of the resources (i.e. newspaper bias, corporate posters, lobbyist videos)
   8. Primary Sources of Data
   9. Secondary Sources
4. Interpreting Graphic Data/Info from Maps
   1. Compare climate graphs of various regions/countries
   2. Using maps to understand the nature of landforms
   3. Developing a "sense of place" and learning to recognize that different factors influence this "sense of place"
   4. Identifying patterns and changes
   5. Detecting trends (similarities and differences) in different populations
   6. Extrapolate meaning from charts and graphs depicting a wide range of data
   7. Comparing data of different cultures and drawing conclusions to help make informed decisions.
   8. Using evidence to back up and support claims.
5. Using Concrete Tools
   1. Understanding the key features of Maps;
   2. Compasses;
   3. GPS tracking systems;
   4. Globes;
   5. Atlases;
   6. Instruments of measurement;
   7. Software technology (i.e. Google Earth, virtual satellites, etc.)
   8. Photographs/Images;
   9. Collecting research samples from the field
6. Analysis of Information
   1. Being able to synthesize knowledge and create new meaning from existing information.
   2. Explain the trends and patterns that emerge through originality and with purpose.
   3. Use supporting evidence from written reports and maps to offer valid claims.
   4. Understanding and Identifying the connections between human and physical geography
   5. Make connections between the study of different human populations and at different points in time.
   6. Link new ideas back to foundational theories and evaluate information (i.e. human emigration occurs when extreme situations arise)
   7. Bringing ideas/knowledge together to deepen understanding
7. Problem Solving (Thinking Critically..."Geographically")
   1. Use background knowledge to analyze new information and deconstruct the problems.
   2. Reflect on the different sides of a controversial issue before making judgement (i.e. Evaluate the situations).
   3. Use spatial reasoning and logic to assist in problems regarding location.
   4. Use higher-order thinking when attacking the problem (i.e. analysis, evaluation, synthesis) to better understand geographic issues.
   5. Offering valuable solutions that involve deliberation and critical inquiry.
   6. Considering the cultural, social, economic, political, historical, contexts alongside a geographical problem.
   7. Learning to be less ethnocentric/geocentric when considering human connections to particular spaces/places/environments.
   8. Holistic and Integrated methods of learning
8. Geographic Inquiry (Asking questions)
   1. Formulate questions to facilitate research.
   2. Ask what the relevance of the work is all about.
   3. Determine what is "worthy" of exploring and why.
   4. How do certain features in question compare across different spaces and over time?
   5. What environmental issues should be addressed through research?
   6. How do differing viewpoints affect the credibility and nature of information collected?
   7. Questions that promote critical thinking
9. Making Geographical value judgements
   1. Applying knowledge to practical situations.
   2. Judge what should or should not be done.
   3. Fairly assessing information and understanding stakeholder positions.
   4. Offering informed and critically thought about judgment based on different criteria
   5. Debating and defending both sides of controversial geography-related issues.
10. Explaining Key Concepts
    1. Explaining: Location, Environment, Movement, Interaction, Region
    2. Discussing the physical landforms of the world and grouping by region
    3. Explaining major systems of the physical world (river, soil, wind, climate systems, etc.)
    4. Explaining how different factors influence climate (natural phenomena, land type, altitude, etc.)
    5. Explaining the features of human-made systems (economic, political, cultural, migration, social, etc.)
    6. Describing the interactions of humans with their environments
    7. Different structures of national economies, indices on quality of life, demographics of populations