1. Quebec
2. Colonization
   1. Definition
      1. Smaller group branched from a nation
      2. Group of people go from place A to place B
      3. New community modeled on old community
   2. English
      1. looking for money
         1. Got idea from Spanish
         2. business venture
      2. Roanoke
         1. Arrived there looking for things to take back to Europe and sell
         2. Demanded food from the indians
         3. John White left family members there
         4. People disappeared... dont know what happened
            1. Croatoan written on tree, thought of that the people went there
         5. Set a piracy base there to fight the Spanish
      3. brought most of their women from overseas
      4. Northern English colonies
      5. Southern english colonies
      6. Jamestown
         1. Founded in 1607
         2. Founded in Powhatan confederacy, around Chesapeake region
         3. John Smith saved this colony from dying
      7. frontiers of exclusion
      8. Puritans
         1. Very intent on enforcing conformity and would go to great lengths to do it
            1. Anne Hutchinson
         2. 2 Types
            1. Calvinist
            2. Want to reform church of england from within
            3. Separitists
            4. wanted to abandon the church of england, thought it was too corrupt to fix
         3. had a "work hard" work ethic
         4. believed in
            1. hierarchy
            2. God ordained people who were smarter than others to rule over them
            3. communalism
            4. part of a large group
            5. predestination
            6. God decided if you would go to heaven or not before you were even born
         5. Wanted to be as a "City Upon a Hill"
            1. love one another and bear eachothers burdens
            2. Work for Christ
            3. Set the example, light to the world
         6. patriarchal society
            1. fathers were the head of the household
            2. everyone had to listen to the father
      9. Quakers
         1. Believed in equality
            1. no one was better than anyone else
            2. would not show difference to anyone
            3. wouldnt take their hat off to someone more important than them
         2. believed in religious toleration
         3. Pacifist
            1. did not believe in war and violence
      10. English families arrived in the north and set up small businesses and farms
      11. Create plantations to make money. Grew alot of tobacco. Used indentured servitude
   3. Spanish
      1. Santa Fe
         1. Around the southwest of america
         2. founded in 1609
         3. Indians oppressed by the spaniards
            1. 1680 led a revolt known as the pueblo revolt
            2. killed many spaniards
            3. one of the best revolts they had for a while
            4. Being forced to convert to Christianity
            5. punished if they were found to be practicing their religion
            6. Violent colonization
            7. many died from starvation and sickness
      2. Tried converting indians
      3. used indians for labor
         1. encomienda system
      4. married into indian families
      5. frontiers of inclusion
      6. Hired Columbus
         1. objectives were "starkly imperial"
         2. Sailed to islands of Cuba and found taino indians
            1. set up a base/fort
            2. went back to spain for reinforcements
            3. came back and found camp was destroyed
            4. had his men kill the surrounding Taino tribes, wiping them out as a people
   4. French
      1. Tried converting indians to christianity
      2. intermarried with the indians
      3. farmed a little bit
      4. had frontiers of inclusion
      5. fur trade
   5. Reasons to colonize
      1. Wanted resources
         1. Gold/silver
         2. Land
      2. Exploit labor of indians
      3. Sell/trade goods
      4. Convert the natives there
   6. National Rivalries
      1. Religion
         1. Muslims
            1. Conquered Iberian Peninsula
            2. 800 - 1491 Christians fighting with the Muslims for peninsula
            3. Became known as Reconquista
         2. Christians
            1. Roman Catholic
            2. Protestant
            3. Protestant Reformation
            4. 1517 went from everyone being roman catholic to some people becoming protestant
            5. Calvinism
            6. John Calvin
            7. Lutheran
            8. Martin Luther revolted against the Catholic church
            9. Church of England
            10. Henry VIII wanted to be head of church
            11. Gets to take over the land and resources that the church had in England
            12. Can use the resources obtained from the Church to build his government and army
            13. Colonize the Irish
            14. Fought with muslims
            15. Puritanism
      2. Spanish/English rivalry
         1. allowed pirates to raid eachother
         2. King James made piece in 1603
3. Indians
   1. Hopewell
      1. Built mounds
         1. Newark Earthworks
      2. Lived 300 BC - 600 AD
      3. Lived in northeast america
      4. Studied astronomy and the moon
   2. Mississippians
      1. Lived 750 AD - 1700 AD
      2. Large amount of people
      3. Cahokia
         1. Capital city for Mississippians
      4. Astronomers
      5. Widespread trade routes
      6. Arranged society
      7. Religion based on the Sun
      8. built mounds
      9. predecessors to woodland tribes
   3. Anasazi
      1. lived in southwest america
      2. hierarchical society
      3. built apartment buildings and cities
         1. pit houses
         2. buildings
         3. in desert
      4. Predecessors of the Hopi and other pueblo indians
      5. lived around 900 AD
      6. Choco canyon, northwest america
      7. moved around 750 from choco canyon
   4. Taino
4. Vocab
   1. Primary source
      1. first hand knowledge
   2. Secondary Source
      1. second hand knowledge
      2. written by "expert"
   3. Ethnocentrism
      1. The belief that ones own culture and beliefs are better than that of others
   4. Frontier of inclusion
      1. trying to live in peace and harmony with indians
   5. Frontier of exclusion
   6. Commercial Farming
      1. Farming to make money
      2. Large scale
   7. Subsistence farming
      1. Farming to feed your family
      2. Maybe make a small amount of money on the side
   8. Protestant Reformation
      1. 1517 went from everyone being roman catholic to some people becoming protestant
   9. Reconquista
      1. Reconquering of Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims
      2. 800 - 1492 AD
   10. Doctrine of Discovery
       1. Royalty could claim new lands if the natives were willing to sell
          1. Resulted in treaties
       2. Didnt always obey this rule, just took it over
   11. Encomienda System
       1. Institutions where indians were forced to work for the Spanish
   12. Intercontinental Exchange
       1. Trade between the new land and europe
          1. aka trade between indians and europeans
       2. alot was traded, and the indians came up with the short end of the stick
5. People
   1. Anne Hutchinson
      1. born: 1591
      2. English in origin
      3. worked as a midwife
      4. Had a divine revelation from God
      5. married William Hutchinson
         1. well to do merchant
         2. had 15 children
      6. Puritan
         1. Believed in the Covenant of Grace
         2. Gained many followers
         3. Disagreed with some ministers and challenged them
            1. Got her into trouble
            2. led to banishment
      7. Moved to America
         1. Preached the gospel to people while she worked as a midwife
      8. Banished
   2. Pocahontas
   3. Daniel Clocker