1. 1, Hypnosis 催眠
   1. Procedure
      1. Changes in
         1. Senastions
         2. Perceptions
         3. Thought
         4. Feelings
         5. Behaviors
   2. Who is susceptible?
      1. Hypnotic hypnotized
         1. Inducing hypnosis
            1. Close to
            2. Eyes
   3. Trust
      1. Concentrate
         1. Relaxed
   4. Behaviors
      1. Hypnotic analgesia
         1. Reduction in pain
            1. Feeling of pain
            2. NOT sensation of pain
         2. Helping
            1. Patients
            2. Cope with
            3. Medical
            4. Dental
      2. Posthypnotic amnesia
         1. NOT remembering what happened
            1. During hypnosis
         2. People
            1. When being repress
            2. People admit
            3. Remember the information
      3. Age regression
         1. Return in time
            1. e.g: Early childhood
         2. Do not relive
            1. But play the role of being a child
2. 2, Theories of hypnosis 催眠理論
   1. Altered States
      1. Hypnosis
         1. Altered state of conscious
            1. Subtopic 1
      2. During
         1. disconnected from reality
      3. Results in
         1. Being able to
            1. Experience
            2. Respond to various suggestions
   2. Socio-cognitive
      1. Behavior observed
         1. Hypnosis
         2. NOT
            1. Being hypnosis
         3. Special ability
            1. Imaginative suggestion
            2. Social pressures
3. 3, Medical and therapeutic applications 醫學和治療應用
   1. Medical and dental use
      1. Reduce pain though
         1. Hypnotic analgesia
      2. Reduce fear, anxiety
         1. Helping individuals relax
   2. Therapeutic and behavioral uses
      1. Reveal
         1. clients
            1. Personalities
      2. Gain insight into their lives
      3. Arrive at
         1. solutions
            1. to their lives
      4. Hypnosis
         1. Miracle treatment
4. 4, Drugs
   1. Psychoactive drugs
      1. Affect nervous system
      2. May alter
         1. Consciousness
         2. Awareness
         3. Influence
      3. Modify
         1. Moods
         2. Feelings
         3. Emotions
         4. Thoughts
   2. Tolerance
      1. Increasingly larger dose
         1. Achieve
            1. The same behavioral effect
      2. Repeatedly
         1. Over a period of time
   3. Dependency
      1. Change
         1. In the nervous system
      2. Prevent the occurrence
         1. Painful withdrawal symptoms
   4. Withdrawal symptoms
      1. Painful physical
      2. Psychological symptoms
      3. Use of drugs
         1. 20 Million Americans
            1. 62$ billion
            2. Illegal drugs
         2. Reducing drugs?
            1. Drug education
            2. Counseling
            3. Treatment
5. 5, Effects on nervous system
   1. Reward/ Pleasure Center
      1. Releasing dopamine
         1. Cocaine
         2. Methamphetamine
      2. Depletes dopamine levels
         1. Need more drugs
            1. Avoid feeling depressed
6. 6, Stimulants 興奮劑
   1. Increase activity of nervous system
      1. Heightened alertness 加強警戒
      2. Arousal 覺醒
      3. Euphoria 興奮
      4. Decreased appetite 食慾下降
      5. Fatigue 疲勞
   2. Dangers of Meth
      1. I cannot get high, No matter how much i did
      2. Euphoria興奮 is replaced with
         1. Depression
         2. Agitation 焦慮
         3. Insomnia 不眠症
         4. Development of true paranoid 多疑的 feelings
   3. Methamphetamine 冰毒
      1. Can be smoked, snorted
      2. Produce feeling
         1. Enhanced mood
         2. Alerness
         3. Energy
      3. Instant high
         1. Increase blood pressure
         2. Heart rate
   4. Dangers of Coaine
      1. Psychological problems
         1. Anxiety
         2. Emotional instability
         3. Suspiciousness 疑心
         4. Hallucinations 幻覺
      2. Physical problems
         1. Lack of
            1. Appetite 食欲
            2. Headaches
            3. Insomnia 不眠症
            4. Irritability 易怒
            5. Heart attack
   5. Cocaine 可卡因
      1. From coca leaves
      2. Can be sniffed, snorted
      3. Short acting high
         1. 10-30 mins
         2. Includes bursts of
            1. Energy
            2. Arousal
            3. Alertness
   6. Dangers of morphine
      1. Brains
         1. Produce
            1. Less of its own endorphines
      2. Rely on
         1. Outside opiate
            1. Become addicted
7. 7, Hallucinogens 迷幻劑
   1. Psychoactive drugs
      1. Produces
         1. Strange
         2. Unusual
   2. Designer drugs
      1. Synthetic drugs 合成藥物
         1. Resemble 像
            1. Already existing psychoactive drugs
            2. Produce
            3. Mimic 模仿
   3. Made in home labs
      1. No guarantees of safety
   4. MDMA = ecstasy 狂喜
      1. Recreation trips
         1. Last 6 hours
      2. Effects
         1. Euphoria 陶醉
         2. High energy
         3. Jaw clenching
         4. Teeth grinding
         5. Increased body temperature
         6. Paranoia 偏執狂
   5. Danger of MDMA 狂喜
      1. Depression
      2. Attention
      3. Memory deficits
      4. Panic
      5. Rapid heart beat
      6. Brain damage
8. 8, Opium, morphine, heroin(鴉片, 嗎啡, 海洛因)
   1. Morphine 嗎啡
      1. Juice of opium poppy (罌粟花)
      2. Produces
         1. Endorphins
      3. Produces
         1. Analgesia 鎮痛
            1. Pain reduction
         2. Opiate euphoria 鴉片
            1. State between waking and sleeping
         3. Constipation 便秘
   2. Dangers of Morphine
      1. Brain
         1. Less
            1. Endorphines
      2. Rely on
         1. Outside opiates
            1. Opiates 鴉片
9. 9, Depressants
   1. Alcohol
      1. Depress
         1. Activity
            1. Central nervous system
         2. Physiological
         3. Psychological
   2. Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) 血液酒精含量
      1. Level
         1. Measured in %
            1. Blood
      2. USA
         1. Legal Definition
            1. 0.08 BAC
            2. After Possibly 3-4 drinks
   3. Stats
      1. 23%
         1. Binge drinkers
            1. 5 drinks in a row
      2. 7%
         1. Heavy drinkers
            1. 5 drinks in a row
            2. In 5 different days
10. 10, Alcohol
    1. Impairs 損害
       1. Motor coordination (Driving)
       2. Cognitive abilities 認知能力
       3. Decision making 決策
       4. Speech
    2. May cause
       1. Coma
       2. Death
    3. Hangover 宿醉
       1. Upset stomach
       2. Dizziness
       3. Fatigue
       4. Headache
       5. Depression
    4. Blackout
       1. Occur
          1. Drinking
             1. Heavy
             2. Repeated
       2. Seem behave normally
          1. Sober 清醒
             1. Can't recall
    5. Long-term use
       1. Liver damage
       2. Brain damage
11. 11, Alcohol: Risk Factors
    1. Psychological factors
       1. Children of alcoholic parents
          1. Develop
             1. Maladaptive psychological
             2. Emotional
    2. Genetic factors
       1. Contribute
          1. 60%
             1. Reason of become
             2. Alcoholic
    3. Perhaps
       1. 8 genes+environment increase
          1. Risk for alcoholism
12. 12, Cultural Diversity
    1. Alcoholism Rates
       1. 22% Koreans
       2. 18% Canadians
       3. 14% Americans
       4. 13% Germans
       5. 7% Chinese
       6. 0.5% Taiwanese
    2. Same finding across cultures
       1. Average
          1. 4-6 major life problems
       2. Depression
          1. To be diagnosed
             1. In alcoholics
       3. Overall mortality 總死亡率