1. Collection of hardware, software, data people and procedures that work together to produce a quality information.
2. Process of planning, scheduling, and then controlling the activities during system development.
3. Measure how suitable the development of a system
4. Documentation is the collection and summarization of data and information
5. Major Activities
   1. Study how the current system works
   2. Determine what the users wants , needs, and requirements
   3. Recommend a solution
6. System Development Cycle
   1. System
      1. -A set of component that interact to achieve a common goal.
      2. Information system
         1. Billing system
            1. Allow company to send invoice and receive payment from their customer
         2. Payroll system
            1. Employees receive paychecks
         3. Manufacturing system
            1. Produces the goods that customer order
         4. Inventory system
            1. Keep tracks of the items in the warehouse
   2. General Guidelines
      1. Group activities or tasks into phases
      2. Involve users
      3. Defind standards
   3. System Developmet Life Cycle
      1. 1. Planning
         1. Review project request
         2. Allocate resources
      2. 2. Analysis
         1. Conduct preliminary investigation
      3. 3. Design
         1. Acquite hardware and software
         2. Develop details of the system
      4. 4. Implementation
         1. Develop programmes
         2. Install and test new system
      5. 5. Operation, Support, and security
         1. Monitor system performance
   4. System Analyst or System developer
      1. liasons between the user and the IT professionals
      2. convert user request to technical specifications
7. Planning phase
   1. Review and approve the project requests
   2. Prioritize the project requests
   3. Allocate resources
   4. Form a project development team
8. Analysis Phase
   1. preliminary investigation
      1. Determines and defines the exact nature of the problem or improvement
      2. Interview the user who submitted the request
   2. detailed analysis
      1. Study how the current system works
      2. Determine the users’ wants, needs, and requirements
      3. Recommend a solution
9. System Proposal
   1. Purpose
      1. assess the feasibility of each alternative solution
      2. recommend the most feasible solution for the project
   2. Alternatives
      1. Packaged software
         1. Horizontal
         2. Vertical
      2. Custom software
         1. Java
         2. JavaScript
         3. Visual Basic
      3. Outsourcing
10. Design Phase
    1. Acquire hardware and software
       1. To acquire the necessary hardware and software:
          1. Identify technical specifications
          2. Solicit vendor proposals
          3. Test and evaluate vendor proposals
          4. Make a decision
    2. Develop all of the details of the new or modified information system
       1. Develop detailed design specifications, sometimes called a physical design.
          1. Database design
          2. Input and output design
          3. Program design
11. Systems analysts
    1. Develop two types of designs for each input and output
       1. Mockup
       2. Layout chart
12. Java
    1. object-oriented programming developed by Sun Microsystems
    2. The Just-in-time (JIT) compiler to convert the bytecode into machine-dependent code
13. The Microsoft .NET Framework
14. Macro
    1. Is a series of statements that instructs an application how to complete a task,
    2. You can create a Macro in 1 of 2 ways
       1. Record the Macro with a Macro Recoreder
       2. Write the Macro
15. HTML ( Hypertext Markup Language)
    1. Is a special formating language that programmers use to format documents for display on the web.
16. XHTML ( Extensible HTML)
    1. Is a markup of language that enables web sites to be displayed more easily on microbrowser on mobile devices.
17. XML (Extensible Markup Language)
    1. Allows web developers to create customized tags and use predefined tags to display content appropriately on various devices.
       1. WML (Wireless Markup Language) is a subset of XML and is used to design pages for microbrowser
    2. Two applications of XML are
       1. RSS 2.0
       2. ATOM
18. CGI (Common Gateway Interface)
    1. Is to send and receive information between your computer and a Web server, the script, applet, or servlet
    2. Is the communication standard that defines how a Web server communicates with outside sources
19. Scripting Languages
    1. Programmers write scripts, applets, servlets, or ActiveX controls using a variety of languages
       1. JavaScipt
       2. Perl
       3. PHP
       4. Rexx
       5. Tcl
       6. VBScript
20. Dynamic HTML (DHTML)
    1. Allows Web developers to include more graphical interest and interactivity
21. Ruby on Rails (RoR)
    1. Provides technologies for developing object-orientated, database-driven Web sites.
22. Web 2.0 Program Development
    1. Web 2.0 allows Web sites to provide a means for users to
       1. Share personal information
       2. Modify Web site content
       3. Have application software built into the site
    2. Most Web 2.0 sites uses APIs which enables programmers to interact with an environment such as a Web site or operating system
23. Web page authoring software
    1. Can create sophisticated Web pages that include images, video, audio, animation, and other effects
       1. Dreamweaver
       2. Expression Web
       3. Flash
       4. SharePoint Designer
24. Multimedia Authoring Software
    1. Allows programers to combine text, graphics, animation, audio, and video in an interactive presentation
       1. ToolBook
       2. Director
25. Operation, Support, and Security Phase.
    1. perform maintenance activities
    2. monitor system performance
    3. assess system activities.
       1. to provide ongoing assistance for an information system and its users after the system is implemented
26. C programming language
    1. a powerful language that requires professional programming skills.
27. object-oriented programming (OOP) language
    1. allows programmers the ability to reuse and modify existing objects
    2. Advantages of -Objects can be reused -Programmers create applications faster -Work well in a RAD environment -Most program development tools are IDEs
    3. RAD ( rapid application development) - a method of developing software, in which a programmer writes and implements a program in segments instead of waiting until the entire program is completed.
28. COBOL (COmmon Business-Oriented Language)
    1. designed for business applications, but easy to read because of the English-like statements
29. Procedural Languages
    1. programmer writes instructions that tell the computer what to accomplish and how to do it
    2. Third-generation language (3GL) -A compiler translates an entire program before executing it -An interpreter converts and executes one code statement at a time
30. Assembly Language
    1. the second generation of programming languages
    2. Source Program
       1. A source program contains the code to be converted to machine language
31. Machine Language
    1. the first generation of programming languages
    2. Only language the computer directly recognizes
32. Programming languages and Program Development Tools
    1. Subtopic 1A computer program is a series of instructions that directs a computer to perform tasks
33. Computer Security plan
    1. Identify all information assets of an organization
       1. Subtopic 1
    2. identify all security risks that may cause an information asset loss.
    3. Identify the safeguards that exist to detect
34. Conversion strategies
    1. Used to change from the old system to the new system
       1. Direct conversion
       2. Parallel conversion
       3. Phased conversion
       4. Pilot conversion
35. Training
    1. Shows users exactly how they will use the new hardware and software in the system
       1. One-on-one sessions
       2. Classroom-style lectures
       3. Web-based training
36. Implementation phase
    1. To construct the new or modified system and then deliver it
       1. Develop programs
       2. Install and test the new system
       3. Train users
       4. Convert to the new system
    2. Various tests should be performed on the new system
       1. Unit test
       2. Systems test
       3. Integration test
       4. Acceptance test
37. Computer-aided software engineering
    1. Designed to support one or more activities of system development
38. Prototype
    1. Working model of the proposed system
       1. Prototypes have inadequate or missing documentation
       2. Users tend to embrace the prototype as a final system
       3. Should not eliminate or replace activities
39. Project Management
    1. Elements
       1. Scope
          1. Goal
          2. Objectives
          3. Expectations
       2. Required activities
       3. Time estimated
       4. Cost Estimated
       5. Orders of activities
       6. Activities that can take place at the same time
    2. Tool used
       1. Gantt Chart
          1. Plan and schedule the time relationships among project activities
       2. PERT chart
          1. Planning and Scheduling large, complex projects
40. Feasibility Assessment
    1. Test to evaluate
       1. Operational feasibility
       2. Schedule Feasibility
       3. Technical Feasibility
       4. Economics Feasibility
41. Documentation
    1. Reports
    2. Diagrams
    3. Programs
42. Program Development Cycle Life(PDLC)
    1. Analyze Requirements -Define the proble,.Be sure that you understand the problem.
    2. Design Solution -Plan the solution to the problem.
       1. Structure Design -This approach breaks down the original set of requirements into smaller, more manageable sections.
       2. Object -Oriented Design -The programmer packages the data and the program int a single unit, an object.
       3. Control Structure -Describe the tasks a program is to perform.
          1. Sequence Control Structure. -Showing one or more action following each other in order.
          2. Selection Control Structure -Tell the program which action to take based on certain condition. Such as, if-then-else and the case.
          3. Repitition Control Structure -Enable a program performs one or more actions repeatedly as long as a certain condition is made.
    3. Validate Design -Select the object. Determine how the input will be obtained and how the output will be displayed. Create a command button to control the program.
    4. Implement Design -Write the program in visual basic and enter it.
    5. Test Solution -Locate and test any error in the program.
    6. Document Solution -Organize all the material and describes the program to make another user or programmer who come later to understand the program.
43. The Microsoft .NET Framework
    1. allows almost any type of program to run on the Internet or an internal business network, as well as computers and mobile devices
    2. C++
       1. an extension of the C programming language
          1. Additional features for working with objects, classes, events, and other object-oriented concepts
    3. C#
       1. based on C++ and was developed by Microsoft
    4. F#
       1. combines the benefits of an object-oriented language with the benefits of a functional language
44. Java
    1. object-oriented programming developed by Sun Microsystems
    2. The Just-in-time (JIT) compiler to convert the bytecode into machine-dependent code
45. Visual Studio
    1. Microsoft’s suite of program development tools
    2. VISUAL BASIC
       1. based on the BASIC programming language
       2. Visual C++ is based on C++
       3. Visual C# combines the programming elements of C++ with an easier, rapid-development environment
46. Visual Programming Language
    1. a language that uses a visual or graphical interface for creating all source code
    2. DELPHI
       1. a powerful program development tool that is ideal for building large-scale enterprise and Web applications in a RAD environment
47. PowerBuilder
    1. a powerful program development RAD tool
       1. Best suited for Web-based, .NET, and large-scale enterprise object-oriented applications
48. 4GL
    1. fourth-generation language) is a nonprocedural language that enables users and programmers to access data in a database
       1. One popular 4GL is SQL