1. Learner Profile
   1. Ability
2. Characteristics
   1. Aptitude
   2. Background Experience
   3. Culture
   4. Demographics
   5. Beliefs and Values
   6. Desire to Learn
   7. Expectancies
   8. Motivation
   9. Perseverance and Effort
   10. Satisfaction
   11. Self-Regulatory System
   12. Prerequisite Knowledge
   13. Prerequisite Learning Strategies
   14. Self-Knowledge
   15. Self-Reflective Skills
3. Learner Affective
   1. Attitudes
4. Learner Entry
   1. Existing Mental Modes and Schema
5. Views of Learning
   1. Alternative Types of Content
   2. Goals
   3. Behavior Modeling
   4. Construction of Schema and Mental Models
   5. Generalization
   6. Individual Knowledge Construction
   7. Integration of Knowledge, Skills, and Attitudes
   8. New Knowledge Distributed Across a Group
   9. Response Strengthening with Reinforcement
   10. Series of Internal Conditions Prompted by External Events
   11. Transfer
6. Cognitive
   1. Alternative Types of Memory
7. Components of Learning
   1. Attention Mechanisms
   2. Memory Traces
   3. Mental Schema and Mental Models
8. Factors Impacting Learning
   1. Consequences
   2. Context
   3. Guidance
   4. Information Load
   5. Motives and Incentives
   6. Organization of Messages
   7. Practice
   8. Readiness
   9. Reinforcement
   10. Retrieval Cues
   11. Rewards
   12. Split Attention
   13. Time Devoted to Learning
   14. Time Required to Learn