-
Surgery
-
Orthopedics
-
Clincal Examination
-
History
- Pain
- When, where, character, iradiation, aleviation, worsening, position
- Dysfunction
- What can you no longer do?
- Deformity
-
Exam according to Alan Graham Apley
- Look
- Skin
- bruises, wounds = recent inury
- Rubor, tumor, calor, dolor = inflammation
- loss of sweating = nerve damage
- scars = archeology of superficial injury
- Soft Tissue
- tumor, calor rubor, dolor = inflammation
- wasting = disuse and nerve damage
- Bone
- Deformity - unusual angles or joings held in unusual positions
- Feel
- Skin
- Temperature
- Cold = vascular damage
- Warm = inflammation
- Sensation
- pain and temperature
- vibration and tactile
- Soft Tissue
- Tenderness
- subcutaneous fat
- bursae
- muscle
- tendon
- nerve
- artery
- ligaments
- Lumps and effusions
- "SWELLING"
- Start
- trauma
- acute
- chronic
- Where
- anatomical site
- tissue site-skin, fat, muscle?
- does it move in relation to these?
- External features
- Size
- Surface
- Margins
- Lymph nodes
- local adenopathy?
- Liquid
- transillumination
- Internal features
- is it tender?
- is it soft or hard?
- Auscultate
- Thrill
- Bruit
- Crepitus?
- General
- Other lumps and general health?
- Distal circulation
- Peripheral pulses
- feel for pulse elsewhere at the same time
- Cappillary filling
- Bone
- bone outlines and joint margins should both be felt
- tenderness
- steps
- lumps
- Decide what structures are tender, swollen, wasted, displaced, is there sensation, circulation
- Move
- Active
- Patient moves joints on his own withing his/her limits of pain
- Passive
- Watch the patient's face for grimace
- Stability
- Dynamic
- Provided by muscle power
- this is done against resistance - try to figure out the muscle group, nerve supply, nerve roots
- Static
- Provided by ligaments and intact joint surfaces
- Joint should be gently stretched in each direction of ligament control while watching for grimace
-
Fractures and Dislocations.doc
-
Upper limb
- Examination and Pathology
- Shoulder Examination
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Epaulette sign
- If localized to the shoulder
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Rotator cuff
- Subacromial bursa
- glenohumeral joint
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Thumb down test
- Aprehension sign
- Sulcus test
- Anatomy
- Radiology
- Gross
- Pathology
- Congenital abnormalities
- Sprengel deformity
- Acquired conditions
- Shoulder Pain
- Stiff Shoulder
- Calcific tendonitis
- Fractures of Shoulder in Adult
- Clavicle fractures
- Acromioclavicular injuries
- Scapular fractures
- Dislocations of glenohumeral joint
- Arthritis
- Rupture of biceps
- Instability of glenohumeral joint
- Elbow examination
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Anatomy
- Radiology
- Pathology
- Tennis elbow
- Golf elbow
- Arthritis
- Loose bodies
- Osteochondritis dissecans
- Ulner nerve compression
- Infections of upper limb
- Osteomyelitis
- Septic arthritis
- Tuberculosis
- Tumors of the upper limb
- Fractures and Dislocation of Elbow, Humerus, Forearm
- Olecranon fractures
- Monteggia fracture
- Medial humeral condyle fracture
- Proximal humeral fractures
- Distal humeral fractures
- Coronoid fracture
- Humeral shaft fractures
- Elbow dislocations
- Forearm fractures
- Olecranon fractures
- Radial head fractures
- Avulsions of greater tuberosity
- Lateral humeral condyle fracture
- Inflammation of Elbow, Humerus, Forearm
- Lateral epicondylitis
- Floating elbow
- Medial epicondylitis
- Olecranon bursitis
- Cubital tunnel Syndrome
- Forearm
- Radiographic Anatomy
- Fractures and dislocations of upper limb in Children
- Ossification
- General principles
- Specific injuries
- Sternoclavicular joint
- Clavicle fractures
- Acromioclavicular joint
- Scapular fractures
- Dislocation of glenohumeral joint
- Proximal humerus
- Metaphyseal fractures
- Humeral shaft fractures
- Supracondylar fractures of humerus
- Condylar and epicondylar fractures
- Lateral condyle
- Medial condyle
- lateral epicondyle
- T-intercondylar
- Elbow dislocation
- Proximal radius fractures
- Olecranon fractures
- Forearm fractures
- Monteggia fracture
- Galeazzi fracture
-
Wrist and Hand
- Wrist and Hand examination
- Wrist
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Anatomy
- Pathology
- Hand
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Anatomy
- Pathology
- Anatomy
- Radiology of wrist
- Radiology of hand
-
Foot
- Foot and ankle examination
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Claw toes
- Hammer toes
- Feel
- Skin
- Inflammation
- Sensation
- Soft tissue
- Pulses
- Tenderness
- Bone
- Tenderness
- Move
- Active
- Windlass test
- Other movements
- Passive
- Apley test
- Stability
- Simmond's test
- Rezistance
- Anatomy of the foot
- Anatomy of the foot
- Foot and ankle pathology
- Foot and ankle anatomy
- Foot radiology
- Ankle radiology
- Radiographic evaluation of Hallux Valgus
-
Pelvis and acetabular injury
- Hip examination
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Anatomy
- Radiography of Pelvis
-
Lower limb
- Lower limb and gait examination
- Ask Pt to walk and observe gait for any limping
- "LIMPS"
- Long
- if one limb is shorter than the other, the patient bobs up and down but cadance (rhythm) is normal
- Incoordinated
- Alexander McNeil described walking as "controlled falling"
- "uncontrolled falling"
- Muscle Weakness
- Hip (Trendelenburg gaint)
- Knee
- Ankle
- Painful limp ( antalgic gait)
- Stiff limp
- Hip
- Knee
- Ankle
- Knee examination
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Effusion?
- Stroke test
- Bakery's cyst
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Flexion
- Extension
- Passive
- Flexion
- Extension
- Lag test
- Stability
- Collateral ligaments
- Cruciate ligaments
- Pivot shift test
- Patella apprehension test
- Proximal femural fractures
- Intrascapular fractures
- Extrascapular fractures
- Subtrochanteric fractures
- Hip dislocations
- Femoral head fractures
- Femoral Shaft fractures
- Pathological fractures
- Fractures around prostheses of hip or knee
- Fractures around the knee
- Supracondylar fractures
- Intra-articular T or Y fractures
- Tibial plateau fractures
- Tibial plateau fractures, Schatzker classification
- Proximal metaphyseal fractures
- Dislocation of the knee
- Radiography of the knee
- Arthritis of hip and knee
- Tibial fractures
- Compartment syndrome
- Open fractures
- Ankle injuries
- Amputation
-
Spine
- Spine examination
- Lumbar
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Thoracic
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Cervical
- Look
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Feel
- Skin
- Soft tissue
- Bone
- Move
- Active
- Passive
- Stability
- Spine Radiology
- Cervical spine radiology
- Lumbar spine radiology
- Sports medicine
-
Diseases of Bones and Joints
-
Congenital
- Chondrodysplasias
- Achondroplasia
- Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia
- Pseudoachondroplasia
- Diastrophic dysplasia
- Ehlers Danlos syndrome
- Marfan's syndrome
- Bone
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Osteopetrosis
- Hypophosphatasia
-
Acquired
- Inflammatory arthritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Crystal arthropathies
- Infection
- Bone Tumors
- Metabolic bone disease
- Osteoporosis
- Paget's
- Ca metabolism
- Renal bone disease
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Pediatric orthopedics
- Trauma
- Mechanics of the Body.ppt
- MSK Radiology
- Muscle Atlas online
- Radiological anatomy
- RadiologyTeaching files
- Shared Cases
-
General Surgery
- Oral Cavity
-
Esophagus and H.H.
-
Embryology of Esophagus
- Embryology of Esophagus.doc
- Surgical Anatomy of Esophagus
- Physiology of the Esophagus
-
Pathology, Surgery, Semiology of the Esophagus.doc
- Signs and symptoms
- Clinical Esophageal syndrome.doc
- Congenital Anomalies
- TE fistulas.doc
- Diverticula.doc
- Rings and webs.doc
- Motor dysfunction
- Primary esophageal
- Diffuse/segmental esophageal spasm
- Nutcracker esophagus
- Hypertensive LES
- Nonspecific disorders
- Diverticula
- Esophageal stenosis
- Achalasia.doc
- Secondary esophageal
- Collagen vascular
- Scleroderma
- CREST/PSS
- polymyositis
- dermatomyositis
- SLE, etc
- chronic intestinal pseudoobstruction
- neuromuscular disease
- endocrine
- metastatic
- Esophagitis.doc
- Reflux esophagitis
- GERD
- Barrett's Esophagus
- Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Infective Esophagitis
- Chemical Esophagitis
- Esophagitis of systemic illness
- Iatrogenic
- Esophageal Varices
- Esophageal Trauma.doc
- Esophageal Neoplasms.doc
- Hiatal Hernias.doc
- Diagnostic studies .doc
- Capitolul.23.txt
-
Stomach
- Capitolul.24.txt
- Duodenum
-
Liver
- Capitolul.28.txt
-
Gallbladder and bile ducts
- Capitolul.29.txt
-
Spleen
- Capitolul.31.txt
-
Pancreas
- Capitolul.30.txt
-
Peritoneum, Omentum, mesentery, retroperitoneum
-
IntraAbdominal Infections
- Capitolul.32.txt
-
Omentum, mesentery, retroperitoneum
- Capitolul.33.txt
-
Hernias, umbilicus and abdominal wall
- Capitolul.34.txt
-
small intestine and large intestine
-
small intestine
- Capitolul.25.txt
- intestinal obstruction
-
Vermiform appendix
- Capitolul.27.txt
-
Colon, Rect, Anus
- Capitolul.26.txt
- Rectum
- Anus and anal canal
-
Urology
- Kidney and ureters
- Bladder
- Urinary tract
- The urethra and penis
- Prostate and seminal vesicles
- Testis and scrotum
- Capitolul.38.txt
-
Pediatric Surgery
- Capitolul.37.txt
-
Otorinolaringology
-
Clinical exam
- Eye
- Smell
- Taste
- Hearing
- Upper Respiratory tract
- Oral manifestations of disease
-
Surgery
- Eye and Orbit
- Maxilofacial injuries
- Cleft lip and palate, face, mouth, jaw abnormalities
- Nose and sinuses
- Ear
- Oral and oropharyngeal cancer
- Salivary glands
- Pharynx, larynx, neck
-
Thyroid gland and thyroglossal tract
- Capitolul.36.txt
- Parathyroid and adrenal gland
-
Head and neck tumors
- Capitolul.15.txt
-
HEENT signs and symptoms
- Eye
- Smell
- Taste
- Hearing
- Upper Respiratory tract
- Oral manifestations of disease
-
Gynecology
- Capitolul.39.txt
-
Plastic Surgery
- Capitolul.43,44.txt
- Capitolul.13.txt
- Ophthalmology
-
Thoracic Surgery
-
Breast surgery
- Capitolul.14.txt
- Capitolul.16.txt
-
Aorta
- Capitolul.19.txt
-
neurosurgery
- Capitolul.40.txt
-
transplantation
- Capitolul.10.txt
-
Cardiac and vascular surgery
- CHF
-
Cardiac Surgery
-
Congenital
- Capitolul.17.txt
-
Acquired
- Capitolul.18.txt
-
Arterial Disorders
- Capitolul.20.txt
-
Venous Disorders and Lymphatic disorder
- Lymphedema
- Capitolul.21.txt
-
Surgical Complications, Trauma, Burns, Wounds, Infections
- Capitolul.11.txt
- Capitolul.8.txt
- Capitolul.7.txt
- Capitolul.6.txt
- Capitolul.5.txt
-
Shock
- Capitolul.4.txt
-
Hemostasis
- Capitolul.3.txt
-
Fluids and Electrolytes
- Capitolul.2.txt
- Pre-Op
- Post-op
-
Internal medicine
-
Endocrinology
-
Carte.de.biologie.doc
-
Research
- Science Times Articles
- Stanley Miller dies at 77-Origin of Life
- Origins of Life linked to volcanoes
- Genetics Glossary
- Language Gene traced to Emergence of Humans
- Scientists find gene has multitude of meanings
- FDA Halts 27 Gene theray trials
- Selection Spurred Recent Evolution
- Redifining disease, Genes and all
- Genetics
- Is Evolution Truly Random?
- Darwin's quotes
- Nobel prize in Literature
- Men I should learn from
- Stephen J. Gould
- Archive
- E.O. Wilson
- Noble Prizes
- Scientific Articles
- MIT webcasts
- Biology course
- Biology course2
- Berkley webcasts
- Biology course
- Biology course2
- Molecular cell biology
- Nutrition and toxicology
- Anthropology course
- Epidemiology
- Behavior and evolution
- Stanford webcasts
- Darwin
- Structure
-
Clinical Endocrinology
-
Intermediary Metabolism
- Porphyrias
- Hemochromatosis
- Wilson's disease
- Carbohydrate metabolism
- Lipoprotein metabolism
- Lysosomal Storage Disease
- Protein metabolism
- Purine and Pyramidine metabolism
- Membrane Transport Defects
- Connective Tissue disorders
-
Bone and Mineral Metabolism
- Parathyroid and hyper-hypo-calcemia
- Osteoporosis
- bone dysplasia
- Paget's disease
- Basic Science
-
Pathology
- Anterior Pituitary and Hypothalamus
- Posterior Pituitary
- Thyroid gland
- Adrenal Gland
- Diabetes Melitus
- Hypoglycemia
- Reproductive system
- Male Reproductive system
- Female reproductive system
- Disorders of sexual differentiation
- Menopause
- Endocrine Tumors
- Multiple endocrine disorders
- Tumors of GI tract
- Tumors of Pancreas
- Pheochromocytoma
-
Sexual signs and symptoms
- Virilization
- Fertility control
- dysfunction
-
Cardiology
- Embryology
- Anatomy
- Signs and Symptoms
-
Investigations
- EKG
- Echo
- Catheterization
- Pharmacology
-
Pathology and Treatment
-
Malformations
- Congenital Heart Disease of Adulthood
- ASD
- VSD
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Infections
- Inflammations
-
Vascular
- Atherosclerosis
- Ischemia
- Stable Angina
- Prinzmetal's Angina
- Infarction
- Unstable Angina
- NONSTEMI
- STEMI
- Coronary Revascularization
- Hypertension
- Aortic Disease
- Vasculopathies
- Neoplasia
-
Functional Disorders
-
Arhythmia
- Bradyarhythmia
- Tachyarhythmia
- Heart Failure
- Cor Pulmonale
-
Valvulopathy
- MR
- TR
- TS
- MS
- PS
- PR
- AS
- AR
- Pulmonary Hypertention
- Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiac manifestation of systemic disease
- Trauma
-
Critical Care
-
Shock
- Cardiogenic Shock
- Septic Shock
- Cardiac Arrest
-
Signs and symptoms
- Dyspnea
- Cough
- Hemoptysis
- Cyanosis
- Edema
-
Gastroenterology
-
Signs and Symptoms
-
Gastrointestinal
- Dysphagia
- Nausea, Vomiting, Indigestion
- Diarrhea, Constipation
- Wt loss
- GI bleeding
- Jaundice
- Abnormal swelling, ascites
-
Mouth
- Clinical Examination
- Embryology
- Anatomy
- Pathology
-
Esophagus
- Signs and symptoms
- Embryology
- Anatomy
- Pathology
-
Stomach
- Embryology
- Anatomy
- Investigation
- Pathology
- Duodenum
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine
- Sigmoid
- Anus
- Peritonitis
-
Anexae
-
Hepatobiliary system
- Embryology
- Anatomy
- Pathology
- Liver
- Functional
- Hyperbilirubinemia
- Infection
- Viral Hepatitis
- Inflammatory
- Alcoholic Liver disease
- Chronic hepatitis
- Drug induced hepatitis
- Degenerative and Genetic
- Metaboic disorders of the liver
- Transplantation
- Gallbladder
- Investigation
-
Investigations
- Endoscopy
-
Respiratory system
-
Critical Care
- Respiratory Failure
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Mechanical Ventilation
- Embryology
- Anatomy
-
Pathology
- Asthma
- Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
- Eosinophilic Pneumonitis
- Enviornmental Lung Disease
- Pneumonia
- Bronchiectasis
- Cystic Fibrosis
- COPD
- Interstitial Lung Disease
- Pulmonary Thrombembolism
- Pleura
- Mediastinum
- Diaphragm
- Chest wall
- Sleep Apneea
- Transplantation
- Investigation
-
Functional Disturbances
- Ventilatory Disorders
-
Signs and symptoms
- Dyspnea
- Cough
- Hemoptysis
- Cyanosis
- Edema
-
Neurology
-
Critical Care
- Coma
-
Signs and Symptoms
-
Nervous system
- syncope, faintness, dizziness, Vertigo
- Motor disorders
- Sensitivity disorder
- Sleep
- Focal cerebral disorders
- Psychiatry
-
Oncology and hematology
-
Oncology
-
molecular biology of Cancer
- Cancer Genetics
- Angiogenesis
- Clinical approach
- Prevention
- Pharmacology
- Infections in Cancer patients
-
Types of Cancer
- Skin
- Head and Neck
- Lung
- Breast
- GI
- Hepatobiliary
- Pancreas
- Bladder and kidney
- Prostate
- Testicles
- Gynecology
- Soft tissue and bone +bone metastasis
- Unknown primary site
- Paraneoplastic syndromes
- Emergency
- Late consequence and treatment
- Hematology
-
Signs and symptoms
-
Anemia signs and symptoms
- 1.Glossitis(B12/folate)
- 2.Posterior column/lateral column corticospinal tract signs (B12 alone)
- 3. exercise intolerance
- 4.dyspnea
- 5.High outpus failure
- 6. koilonychia
- Polycythemia
- bleeding
- thrombosis
- lymph and spleen enlargement
- granulocytes and monocytes
-
Pathology
-
Peripheral blood pictures
- 1.Hypersegmented Neutrophil
- Causes:
- folate/B12 deficiency
- 2.microcytic, hypochromic cells
- RBC's that have increased pallor can be assumed to be microcytic
- Causes:
- Iron deficiency
- anemia of chronic disease (ACD)
- Thalassemia
- Sideroblastic Anemia
- 3. Sickle cells ( anemia not trait)
- 4. Target cells
- Causes:
- Alcoholic liver disease
- hemoglobinopathy
- 5.Spherocytes
- Def.: No Central Area of Pallor
- Causes:
- Congenital spherocytosis
- ABO hemolytic disease of newborn
- 6. Tear drop
- Causes:
- myelofibrosis
- thalassemia
- 7.Howel Jolly body
- Causes:
- Spleen surgically removed
- Sysfunctional spleen as in HbS disease
- 8.Platelet
- small, red, anucleate
- 9.Lymphocyte
- black dot with thin rim of cytoplasm
- 10.Auer rod
- myeloblast with immature nucleus and splinter-like structure in cytoplasm
- 11.atypical lymphocyte
- Def.: big cell with a lot of blue cytoplasm
- Causes:
- Infectious Mononucleosis
- CMV
- Toxoplasmosis
- viral hepatitis
- phenytoin
- 12.eosinophil
- large, red granules that don't cover the nucleus and are the same color as RBC's
- Causes:
- type I hypersensitivity
- invasive helminthic infections
- 13.basophil
- Large, purple granules that do cover the nucleus and granules are darker than RBC's
- Causes: myeloproliferative diseases
- 14.rouleau
- Are simply RBC's with stack of coins effect: see increased sedimentation rate
- 15.schistocytes
- are fragmented RBC's seen in:
- microangiopathic hemolytic anemias:
- TTP
- HUS
- DIC
- 16.reticulocyte
- Special supravital stain: thin filaments represent RNA
- Are increased in:
- hemolytic anemias
- 5-7d after blood loss
- Iron deficienty after treatment
- B12/folate deficiency
- 17.Heinz bodies
- special stain: large blue inclusions with RBC membranes
- seen in G6PD deficiency
- 18.coarse basophilic stipling
- routine stain sees ribosomes
- seen in Lead poisoning
- Blood
- Smear
- Leukemias
- CML
- CLL
- Acute Leukemia
-
Bone marrow pictures
- 1.megaloblastic marrow
- all cells appear big due to large, immature nuclei ( giant band neutrophils)
- Cause: B12/folate deficiency
- 2.myelofibrosis
- marrow is composed of fibrous tissue ( large cells are megakaryocytes)
- 3.aplastic anemia
- empty marrow with fat and islands of lymphocytes
- 4.multiple myeloma
- plasmablasts with bright blue cytoplasm, eccentric Nuclei, perinuclear halo
- 5.ringed sideroblast
- Prussian blue stain for iron: ring of blue around the nucleus of normoblast
- Indicate a defect in heme synthesis:
- Sideroblastic anemias due to Alcohol, pyridoxine, Lead poisoning
- Pathology
- Bone Marrow
- Follicular Lymphoma
- Follicular Lymphoma.2
- Erythroid hyperplasia
- Adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone
- Adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone
- Chronic Idiopathic myelofibrosis
- Blood
- CML
- CLL
- Acute Leukemia
- Hematopathology
-
Hemotology
-
RBC's
- Anemia
- Anemia signs and symptoms
- 1.Glossitis(B12/folate)
- 2.Posterior column/lateral column corticospinal tract signs (B12 alone)
- 3. exercise intolerance
- 4.dyspnea
- 5.High outpus failure
- 6. koilonychia
- Classification of Anemia by MCV
- Microcytic MCV <80
- Iron deficiency.jpeg
- Sideroblastic Anemia
- Lead based poisoning
- Alcoholics, B6def., Pb poisoning, preleukemia syndromes
- Thallasemia.jpeg
- Anemia of Chronic Disease.jpeg
- Normocytic MCV 80-100
- Corrected reticulocyte under 2%
- Acute blood loss
- Acute iron deficiency
- Anemia of chronic disease
- Renal disease
- Corrected reticulocyte more than 3%
- Intrinsic hemolytic anemia = something wrong with RBC ( structure, biochem)
- Membrane defects
- Congenital spherocytosis or elliptocytosis
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- Abnormal hemoglobins
- Sickle cell
- Deficient enzymes
- G6PD
- Pyruvate kinase deficiency
- Extrinsic hemolytic anemia ( RBC is normal)
- Autoimmune hemolytic anemias
- Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- blood loss for more than a week
- Macrocytic MCV>100
- Folate deficiency
- B12 deficiency.jpg
- 1.hypoproliferative anemias
- 2.Ineffective erythropoiesis anemias
- 3. hemolytic/blood loss anemia
- hemoglobinopathies
- megaloblastic
- myelodysplastic, aplastic, bone marrow failure
- Hemostasis
- platelet and vessel wall disorders
- coagulation and thrombosis
- antiplatelet, anticoagulant, fibrinolytic therapy
- Erythrocytosis
- hematopoietic transplantation
-
myeloproliferative disease
- polycythemia vera
-
WBC's
- lymphoid cell cancer
- Lymphomas
- Leukemia
- myeloid
- acute
- chronic
- Subtopic 2
- plasma cell disorders
- Rheumatology
-
Infectious Disease
-
Basic Science
- Immunization and Travel
- The Acutely Ill Febrile Patient
-
Community Acquired
- Infective Endocarditis
- Osteomyelitis
- Intraabdominal infections
- Diarrheal disease and bacterial food poisoning
- Sexually Transmitted disease
- Clostridium dificile associated
-
Nosocomial Infections
- Hospital infections
- Transplant patient
-
Bacteria
- prophylaxis and treatment
- Gm+
- Gm-
- Nocardia
- Actinomycosis
- Mixed anaerobic
-
Mycobacteria
- Pharmacology
- Tuberculosis
- Leprosy (Hansen's disease)
- Non-tuberculous
-
Spirochetes
- Treponema
- Leptospira
- Relapsing Fever
- Borelia
- Chlamydia
- Ricketsiae
- mycoplasma
-
Viruses
- Basic Science
-
DNA viruses
- Herpes Simplex
- Varicella Zoster
- Epstein Barr
- Cytomegalovirus
- Herpesvirus 6,7,8
- Poxvirus
- Molluscum contagiosum
- smallpox
- Other
- Parvovirus
- Papillomavirus
-
DNA/RNA respiratory viruses
- SARS
- Influenza
- Other common viruses
-
RNA viruses
- Retrovirus
- HIV
- AIDS
- OTHER
- viral gastroenteritis
- enteroviruses and Reoviruses
- Rubeola = Measles
- Rubella=german measles
- Mumps
- Rhabdovirus
- Rabies
- Other
- Arthropod/Rodent-Borne
- Marbug viruses and Ebol
-
Fungi
- Diagnosis
- Pharmacology
- Histoplasmosis
- Coccidiomycosis
- Blastomycosis
- Cryptomycosis
- Candidiasis
- Aspergillosis
- Mucormycosis
- Pneumocystitis
-
Protozoa
- Amebiasis
-
RBC parasites
- Malaria
- Babesiosis
- Other
- Leishmanias
- Trypanosomiasis
- Taxoplasmosis
- Trichomoniasis
- Intestinal protozoa
-
Helminths
-
Nematodes
- Tissue
- Trichinella
- Intestinal
- Cestodes
-
Trematodes
- Schistosomiasis
-
Genetics
- Basic Science
- Chromosome disorders
- clinical genetics
-
Nutrition
-
Overdosing and Toxicology
- Heavy metal poisoning
- Drug overdose
- Reptile bites
- Arthropod bites
- ectoparasite infestation
- Diatary assessment
- vitamins
- trace elements
- malnutrition
- obesity
- eating disorders
- enteral and parenteral nutrition
- Critical care/Emergency
-
Kidney and Urinary tract
-
Signs and Symptoms
-
Renal and Urinary tract
- Acidosis and Alkalosis
- Fluid and Electrolyte
- Azotemia
- Urinary abnormalities
- Embryology
- Anatomy
-
Pathology
- Acute Renal Failure
- Chronic Renal Failure
- Transplantation
- Glomerular Disease
- Tubular Disorders
- Tubulointerstitial disease
- Vascular injury
- Nephrolithiasis
- Urinary tract infections
- Urinary tract obstruction
-
Immune system
- Basic Science
- Primary Immune Deficiencies
-
Immune-mediated injury
- Allergy
-
Autoimmunity
- SLE
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Rheumatic Fever
- Systemic Sclerosis
- Sjogren syndrome
- Spondyloarthritides
- Vasculitis
- Bechet syndrome
- Relapsing polichondritis
- Sarcoidosis
- Amyloidosis
-
Connective tissues
- signs and Symptoms
- Osteoarthritis
- Gout and Crystal Arthropaties
- Infectious Arthritis
-
Arthritis associated with systemic diseases
- Fibromyalgia
- Periarticular Disorders
-
Dermatology
-
Signs and symptoms
- approach
- Eczema
- Psoriasis
- infections
- manifestations of internal disease
- immunologically mediated disorders of skin
- cutaneous drug reactions
- photosensitivity
- Ophthalmology
- Epidemiology
- Clinical Chemistry
- Eponymous Syndromes
-
Practical Procedures
- Useful Doses
-
Clinical Exam
-
Signs and symptoms
-
PAIN
- Pathophysiology
- Chest pain
- Abdominal Pain
- Headache
- Back pain
- Neck pain
-
Temperature alterations
- Fever, hyperthermia
- Fever and Rash
- Hypothermia
- Symptoms.Signs.Syndromes.Conditions.of.People.xmind
- Differential Diagnosis.xmind
-
Anatomy/Pathology/Radiology
-
Histology
-
General Histology
- Epithelium
- Adipose
-
Connective-Arelar
- Connective-Dense
- Bone and Cartilage
- Bone Marrow
- Smear
- Grounded Bone
- Endochondral ossification
- Spongious Bone
- Cortical Bone
- Cartilage-Fibrocartilage
- Cartilage-Elastic
- Disk
-
Muscle
- Striated
- Smooth
- Heart
- Brain Histology
-
Systemic Histology
-
GI
- Oral Cavity
- Sublingual glands
- Submandibular
- Parotid gland
- Tongue
- Foliate Papilla
- Circumvalate Papilla
- Tonsils
- Lingual Tonsil
- Pharyngeal Tonsil
- Palatine Tonsil
- Teeth
- Tooth eruption
- Tooth eruption.2
- Tooth development
- Esophagus
- Gastro-esophageal junction
- Stomach
- Gastric Fundus
- Duodenum
- Small intestine
- Ileum
- Jejunum
- Colon
- Apendix
- Rectum
- Recto-Anal Junction
- Anus
- Anexae
- Gallbladder
- Billiary tree
- Spleen
- Liver
-
Respiratory
- Nasal cavity
- Lung
- Trachea
-
Endocrine glands
- Adrenal
- Pancreas
- Pituitary
- Thyroid
- Parathyroid
-
Immune system
- Blood
- Smear
- Thymus
-
Cardiovascular
- Vessels
- Aorta
- Elastic stain
- Aorta.2
- Large Artery
- Neurovascular bundle
- Median Artery + Vein
- Heart
-
Urinary
- Kidney
- Ureter
- Bladder
- Urethra
-
Genital
- Female
- Ovary
- Breast
- Active Breast
- Inactive Breast
- Uterus
- Proliferative Endometrium
- Secretory Endometrium
- Cervix
- Salpinx
- Vagina
- Placenta
- Corpus Luteum
- Male
- Testes
- Epididimis
- Prostate
- Penis
- Urethra
- Seminal vesicles
- Vas deferens
- Skin
-
Head and Neck
- Eye
- Ear
- Cochlea
- Semicircular Canal
- Nose
- Epiglotis
- Vocal cords
- Pharynx
-
Pathology
-
General Pathology
- Goljian's General pathology.doc
- goljian.in.romana.prima.parte.1.doc
- goljian.in.romana.2.doc
- GOLJAN - General Pathology.pdf
- USMLE.PATH.REVIEW.DOC
-
Systemic histopathology
-
GI
- Oral Cavity
- Pyogenic granuloma of the mouth
- Reactive hyperkeratosis of the mouth
- Tongue
- Scuamous cell Carcinoma of the Tongue
- Scuamous cell Carcinoma of the Tongue.2
- Scuamous cell Carcinoma of the Tongue.3
- Scuamous cell Carcinoma of the Tongue.4
- Salivary gland
- Pleomorphic Adenoma
- MALT Lymphoma
- Papillary Cystadenoma
- Adenoid cystic Carcinoma
- Oral mucosa
- Pharynx
- Tonsils
- Streptococcal tonsilitis
- Larynx
- Haemophilus influenzae laryngitis
- Esophagus
- Barrett's Esophagus
- Barret's Esophagus.2
- Chronic Esophagitis
- Ruptured Varices of Esophagus
- Herpes Esophagitis
- Scuamous cell Carcinoma
- Esophagus, Liver -scuamous cell metastasis
- Zenker's Diverticulum
- Stomach
- Atrophic Gastritis
- Chronic Gastritis
- Stomach Erosion
- Stomach Tuberculosis
- Stomach Adenocarcinoma
- Linitis Plastica
- Adenocarcinoma with Liver metastasis
- Candidiasis
- Duodenum
- Chronic Peptic Ulcer
- Peptic Ulcer
- Small Intestine
- Celiac Sprue
- Crohn's Disease
- Crohn's Disease.2
- Meconium obstruction with necrosis
- Ileum-Strongyloides enteritis
- Carcinoid Tumor
- Peutz-Jeghers polyp
- Ileum-Typhoid Ulcer
- Actinomicosis diverticulitis
- Rheumatoid Vascultitis
- Colon
- Ulcerative Colitis-Carcinoma
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
- Tubular adenomatous polyp
- Tubular adenomatous polyp.2
- Tubular adenomatous polyp.3
- Hyperplastic polyp
- Villous Adenoma
- Juvenile polyp
- Tubular Adenoma
- Diverticulum
- Abscess, Diverticulitis with Actinomycosis
- Hemoragic Infarct
- Burkitt lymphoma
- Amaebiasis
- Bacillary Dysentery
- Hirschsprung Disease
- Ischemic Enterocolitis
- Apendix
- Acute Appendicitis
- Acute Appendicitis.2
- Periappendiceal Abscess
- Pinwarms
- Normal but Congested
- Adenocarcinoma
- Adenocarcinoma.2
- Rectum
- Schistosomiasis
- Anus
- Hemorrhoids
- Anexae
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Types of Gallstones
- Biliary tree
- Spleen
- Malaria
- Topic
-
Endocrine glands
- Pancreas
- Cystic Fibrosis
- type II DM
- Hyalinized islets
- Fatty infiltration
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Adenocarcinoma
- Adenocarcinoma.2
- Adenocarcinoma.3
- Brenner tumor
- Adrenal
- Adrenocortical carcinoma
- Adrenal Neuroblastoma
- Atrophy
- Amyloidosis
- Nodular hyperplasia
- Cortical adenoma
- Arteritis
- Chronic Adrenal insuficiency
-
Cardiovascular
- Vessels
- Aorta
- Atherosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis with fatty streak
- Cystic medial degeneration
- Coronary arteries
- Atherosclerosis
- Atherosclerosis.2
- Popliteal Vein thrombosis
- Atherosclerotic plague+thrombus of Artery
- Buergers disease
- Heart
- Endocardium, pericardium, epicardium
- Purkinje Fibers
- MI, recent
- MI recent.2
- mural thrombus MI
- Acute MI
- Mi, remote
- Heart, Liver- glycogen storage disease
- Acute fibrinous Pericarditis
- Amyloidosis
- Bacterial endocarditis
- Subacute rheumatic endocarditis
- Toxoplasma gondii myocarditis
- Heart, kidney hypertension
- Diphtheria
- Coxackie B2 myocarditis
- Bacterial pericarditis
- Breast metastasis
-
Respiratory
- Nose
- Polyp
- Nose-extramedullary plasmocytoma
- Tuberculosis
- Tracheal diptheria
- Healed granuloma
- Measles/pneumonia
- Legionella pneumonia
- Hamartoma
- Adenocarcinoma
- Adenocarcinoma.2
- Small cell Carcinoma
- Squamous cell Carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma.2
- Squamous cell carcinoma.3
- Metastatic small cell carcinoma, subpleural
- Metastatic leiomyosarcoma
- Carcinoma in situ of the bronchus
- bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma
- Mesothelioma
- Mesothelioma.2
- pleural adhesion
- Septic acute infarct
- recent infarct
- Thrombembolus
- Tumor emboli
- Asthma
- Asthma.2
- Emphysema
- Bronchietasis
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Congested Lung, liver
- Alveolar proteinosis
- Bronchioloalveolar, lymph node
- Hyaline membrane disease
- Bronchopneumonia
- Bronchopneumonia.2
- Early pneumonia
- Organizing pneumonia
- Lobar pneumonia
- Empyema with organized granulation
- Aspiration pneumonia
- Aspiration pneumonia.2
- P.carinii pneumonia
- P.carinii pneumonia
- Interstitial pneumonia
- Descuamative interstitial pneumonia
- Diffuse interstitial fibrosis
- Abscessed bronchopneumonia
- Sarcoidosis
- Aspergillosis
- Blastomycosis
- Cryptosporidium
- Aspergillosis
- Silicosis
- Wegener granulomatosis
- Goodpasture syndrome
- Metastatic calcification of Lung, Kidney
- Metastatic adenocarcinoma
- Asbestosis giving acute pulmonary edema
-
Urinary
- Kidney
- Arteriolo-Arterio-sclerosis
- Hypertension-arteriolosclerosis
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Acute tubular necrosis
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- Wilms tumor
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Renal cell carcinoma
- Renal cell carcinoma (hypernephroma)
- Adult polycystic disease
- Septic infarct
- Eclampsia
- SLE
- microscopic polyarteritis
- Acute and Chronic pyelonephritis
- Pyelonephritis
- Interstitial nephritis
- DM glomerulosclerosis
- Membranous glomerulonephritis
- Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
- Chronic glomerulonephritis
- Diffuse cortical necrosis
- Amyloidosis
- Nephrocalcinosis
- DIC
- Pseudomonas abscesses
- Coccidiomycosis
- Bacterial endocarditis
- Acute transplant rejection
- Bladder
- Urothelial carcinoma
- Urothelial carcinoma grade 1
- Urothelial carcinoma grade 3
- Transitional cell carcinoma
- Transitional cell carcinoma
-
Genital
- Female
- Uterus
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Leiomyoma
- Cervix
- low grade squamous
- low grade squamous intraepithelial
- low grade squamous intraepithelial
- High grade squamous
- squamous cell carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- HSIL
- Carcinoma in situ
- Squamous metaplasia + carcinoma
- Squamous metaplasia + carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Trichomonas
- Candida
- Atrophy
- Bacterial vaginosis
- Breast
- Ductal carcinoma in situ
- Ductal carcinoma
- Intraductal papilloma
- Lobular carcinoma in situ
- Lobular carcinoma in situ
- Lobular carcinoma
- Medullary carcinoma
- Medullary carcinoma
- Colloid carcinoma
- Fibroadenoma
- Fibroadenoma
- Traumatic Fat Necrosis
- Paget disease
- Epithelial hyperplasia
- Hyperplasia of pregnancy
- Hyperplasia of lactation
- Hemangioma
- Fellopian tubes
- Chronic Salpingitis
- Ovary
- Adenocarcinoma
- Cerous cystadenoma
- Atypia
- Dermoid cyst
- Dysgerminoma
- Polycystic Ovarian Disease
- Granulosa cell tumor
- Theca cell tumor
- Corpus albicans
- Benign teratoma
- Serous cystadenocarcinoma
- Placenta
- Implantation site
- Male
- Breast
- Gynecomastia
- Prostate
- Adenocarcinoma
- Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade2)
- Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 3)
- Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 4)
- Adenocarcinoma (Gleason grade 5)
- Intraepithelial neoplasm (PIN)
- Nodular hyperplasia
- Acute Prostatitis
- Organizing thrombi
- Testes
- Seminoma
- Seminoma
- Sertoli cell tumor
- Benign teratoma
- Embryonal carcinoma
- Atrophy
- Orchitis + epididymitis
- Penis
- Scuamous cell carcinoma
- Erythroplasia of Queyrat
- Carcinoma in situ
- Syphilitic canchre
- Skin
-
Head and Neck
- Ear
- Eye
- Retinoblastoma
- Retinoblastoma.2
- Lymphangioma=cystic hygroma of the neck
- Branchial cyst of the neck
-
Bone and Cartilage
- Rickets
- Fracture Callus
- Fracture Callus.2
- Multiple Myeloma
- Paget's Disease
- Osteoarthritis and cyst
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Gout
- Osteosarcoma
- Osteosarcoma.2
- Adenomcarcinoma metastasis to bone
- Osteoid Osteoma
- Fibrous dysplasia
- Chondroma
- Osteomyelitis/Chondritis
- Osteomyelitis/Chondritis.2
- Fibrinous Bursitis-elbow
- Bone,Lung,Liver metastasis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Bone Marrow
- Follicular Lymphoma
- Follicular Lymphoma.2
- Erythroid hyperplasia
- Adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone
- Adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone
- Chronic Idiopathic myelofibrosis
- Blood
- CML
- CLL
- Acute Leukemia
-
Soft Tissue
- Fat, muscle, connective tissue
- Lipo-hemangioma
- Liposarcoma
- Metastatic Liposarcoma
- Lipoma
- ganglions
- Fibrosarcoma
- Myositis ossificans
- Muscular dystrophy
- Striated muscle-Face
- Muscular dystrophy.2
- Muscle atrophy
- Polymyelitis
- Onchocerca volvulus
- Foreign Body Reaction
- Onchocerca volvulus.2
- Filiariasis
- Trichinosis.2
- Trichinosis
- Goljan-special Pathology.doc
- GOLJAN - Systemic Pathology notes.pdf
- Hematopathology
-
Anatomy
- Subtopic 2
- Subtopic 3
- Subtopic 4
- Subtopic 5
-
Radiology
- other good site
- other good site
-
Residency
-
Step1
- Behavioral Sciences
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Pathology
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
- Anatomy
- Histology
- Embryology
- Neuroscience
-
Step 2+3
- Epidemiology
-
Internal Medicine CK 2008-2009.pdf
-
Internal Medicine
- Preventative Medicine
- Endocrinology
- Rheumatology
- GI
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Infectious Disease
- Nephrology
- Pulmonology
- Emergency
- Cardiac Resuscitation
- Toxicology
- Neurologic Emergencies
- Thermal, Radiation, Electrical Injuries
- Anaphylaxis, Bites, Stings
- Neurology
- Dermatology
- Imaging
- Ophtalmology
-
Surgery CK 2008-2009 Surgery.pdf
-
Surgery
- Trauma
- Orthopedics
- Pre-Op + Post-Op
- General Surgery
- Pediatric Surgery
- Vascular Surgery
- Skin Surgery
- Ophthalmology
- Otolaryngology
- Neurosurgery
- Urology
- Organ Transplantation
-
ObGyn CK 2008-2009.pdf
-
ObGyn
- Obstetrics
- Basics
- Antepartum
- Postpartum
- Gynecology
- Basics
- Pelvic relaxation
- Vagina +Vulva
- Cervix + Uterus
- Ovaries + Oviducts
- Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
- Pelvic Pain
- STD
- Fertility control
- Sexuality
- Menstruation
- Endocrinology
- Breast
-
Pediatrics CK 2008-2009.pdf
- Pediatrics
-
Psych CK 2008-2009.pdf
- Psychiatry
-
REZIDENTIAT
-
Rezidentiat vechi
-
Angelescu
- 44.Fracturile-generalitati.PDF
- 15.Pancreatita acuta.PDF
- 17.Cancerul colorectal.PDF
- 19.Litiaza biliara.PDF
- 29.Cancerul de san.PDF
- 36.Traumatismele abdominale.PDF
- 38.Ocluzia intestinala.PDF
- 40.Peritonitele.PDF
- 41.Litiaza urinara.PDF
- 48.Cancerul de col uterin.PDF
- 42.Hiperplazia si carcinomul prostatic.PDF
-
Scwartz
- 37.Tumorile maligne gastrice.PDF
- 39.Apendicita acuta.PDF
- 43.Hemoragiile_digestive.PDF
- 45.Arsurile.PDF
- 46.Herniile_peretelui_abdominal.PDF
- 50.Tumori_genitale_benigne.PDF
-
Ciofu
- 30.NUTRITIA_SI_ALIMENTATIA_PEDIATRICA.PDF
- 31.Infectia bacteriana perinatala.pdf
- 31.Infectia virala perinatala.pdf
- 32.Diareea acuta.pdf
- 34.CONVULSII.PDF
- Infectii ale tractului respirator la copil
- PAG172-201.PDF
- pag202.pdf
- pag203.pdf
- PAG204-225.PDF
-
Harrison
- 1.Bronsita cronica.PDF
- 2.Pneumoniile.PDF
- 3.Tuberculoza pulmonara.PDF
- 4.Astmul bronsic.PDF
- 5.Cancerul bronhopulmonar.PDF
- 6.Afectiunile pleurei mediastinului si diafragmului.PDF
- 7.Boala cardiaca ischemica.PDF
- 8.Boala vasculara hipertensiva.PDF
- 9.Insuficienta cardiaca.PDF
- 10.Tulburari de ritm si de conducere.PDF
- 11.Trombembolismul pulmonar.PDF
- 12.Colapsul cardiovascular,stopul cardiac,moartea subita cardiaca.PDF
- 13.Hepatita acuta virala.PDF
- 14.Ciroza hepatica si complicatiile cirozei.PDF
- 16.Ulcerul gastric si duodenal.PDF
- 18.Icterul.PDF
- 20.Diabetul zaharat.PDF
- 21.Septicemia si socul septic.PDF
- 22.Anemia feripriva si anemii megaloblastice.PDF
- 23.Leucemia mieloida acuta si cronica.PDF
- 24.Infectiile tractului urinar si pielonefritele.PDF
- 25.Insuficienta renala.PDF
- 26.Accidente vasculare cerebrale hemoragice si ischemice.PDF
- 27.Spondilita anchilozanta,artrita reactiva si spondilartropatii nediferentiate.PDF
- 28.Lupus eritematos sistemic.PDF
-
Endocrinologie
- 47.gusa_endemica.pdf
- 47.H_h-tiro.PDF
- 47.pg. 125.pdf
-
Ginecologie
- 49.Sarcina_Normala.pdf
-
HIV
- 35.Rebedea-infectia cu HIV.PDF
- Rezidentiat nou
-
MCC
- 06-07 Anesthesia and perioperative medicine.pdf
- 06-07 Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery.pdf
- 06-07 Clinical Pharmacology.pdf
- 06-07 Dermatology.pdf
- 06-07 Diagnostic Medical Imaging.pdf
- 06-07 Emergency Medicine.pdf
- 06-07 Endocrinology.pdf
- 06-07 Face and Ethics.pdf
- 06-07 Family medicine.pdf
- 06-07 Gastroenterology.pdf
- 06-07 General Surgery.pdf
- 06-07 Geriatric Medicine.pdf
- 06-07 Gynecology.pdf
- 06-07 Hematology.pdf
- 06-07 Index.pdf
- 06-07 Infetious Diseases.pdf
- 06-07 Nephrology.pdf
- 06-07 Neurology.pdf
- 06-07 Neurosurgery.pdf
- 06-07 Obstetrics.pdf
- 06-07 Ophthalmology.pdf
- 06-07 Orthopedics.pdf
- 06-07 Otolaryngology.pdf
- 06-07 Pediatrics.pdf
- 06-07 Physical medicine and rehabilitation.pdf
- 06-07 Plastic surgery.pdf
- Subtopic 27
- 06-07 Population and community health.pdf
- 06-07 Psychiatry.pdf
- 06-07 Respiratory.pdf
- 06-07 Rheumatology.pdf
- 06-07 Urology.pdf
-
Toronto
- Toronto.notes.2008.pdf
- PASS PROGRAM.doc
-
Library and Resources online
- The Hardin Library
- Free medical books for doctors
- NCBI books
- medical ebooks
- Clinical Cases
- UT Internal medicine podcast
- Biology online