1. Maslow’s Hierarchy
   1. Self-Actualization
      1. Provide students with choices
   2. Esteem
      1. Provide students with opportunities to succeed
   3. Love, Affection, Belonging
      1. Always be respectful to students
      2. Sincerely ask students how they are doing
   4. Safety
      1. Create an environment where students feel comfortable approaching you
   5. Physiological
      1. If students seem like their physiological needs are not being met speak to a student councilor
2. Extrinsic Motivation
   1. Reward Punishment
      1. The "best" students get to compete in a competition
      2. Assign more points to assignments/concepts you feel is very important
      3. Send progress reports home to parents
3. Jump Start
4. Intrinsic Motivation
   1. Perceived Competence
      1. Teacher Expectancy Theory
         1. Call on all students evenly
         2. Provide quick feedback on questions
         3. Allow students to fix problems after receiving feedback
         4. Avoid praise on simple task
         5. Always be sincere with praise - be specific
      2. Attribution Theory
         1. Effort
            1. Have students rate thier effort on assignemts
            2. Give students an opportunity to earn points that result from their effort (extra credit)
         2. Ability
            1. Praise students regularly
            2. Match students abilities to the difficulty of the task
            3. Once students have finished an assignment have them help out others
         3. Task Difficulty
            1. Increase task difficulty incrementally
         4. Luck
            1. Have students explain how and why they got their results
         5. Have one on one discussions about the students progress to help them attribute success or failure internally
         6. Continuously to review assignments - modify when necessary
   2. Perceived Autonomy
      1. Levels of control
         1. Laissez-faire
            1. In advanced classes - students will come up with their own projects
         2. Authoritative
            1. In an intermediate class - students will be given the choice between several potential projects
         3. Authoritarian
            1. In a beginning class - students will be given projects and told how to accomplish them
      2. Challenges
         1. Make the challenges interesting
            1. Relate challenges to current POP culture
         2. Make challenges difficult enough that the students have a sense of accomplishment upon completion (realistic and incremental in difficulty)
      3. Design opportunities
         1. Students will be given opportunities to make things their own by choosing what they want to incorporate in their project
         2. Students will have choices even if it is something very simple - they can "make it their own"
         3. Give the students a problem to solve and have them design toward that problem
      4. Choices
         1. Social
            1. Students will be able to choose whether to work in groups or alone
            2. Students can pick their own partners
         2. Procedural
            1. Students will decide if they want a final exam or several small test
            2. Students can choose when they want their homework to be due (every class period,week...)
         3. Content
            1. Students can choose what module the would like to do first
5. Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory
   1. Motivator
   2. Dissatisfiers
      1. School Policies
         1. Limit the number of class rules
         2. Have students help decide the consequences for breaking the rules
      2. Interpersonal Relations
         1. Teach a lesson on group work
         2. Have specific assignments for each member of the group
            1. Have the students choose the group assignments themselves
         3. Assign groups based on the abilities of the individual students
      3. School Environment:
         1. Make sure that the classroom is always clean
         2. Provide an assigned place for equipment (help keep classroom organized)
         3. Have a student "showcase" of examples of good work
         4. Change the look and feel of the classroom periodically
      4. External Rewards
         1. Limit external rewards to an assigned grade only
6. Limiting dissatisfies will provide an atmosphere where students will have an opportunity for students to get some level of these in class