1. Centralization Decision Making
   1. Centralized
      1. Management
   2. Risk involved in both forms
   3. Decentralized
      1. Lower-level
2. Formalization
   1. Written policies and procedures
   2. Removes ambiguity
   3. Restrictive for innovation
3. Departmentalization
   1. Functional
      1. Grouped based on function
   2. Divisional
      1. Represent products, locations or services
4. Hierarchical Levels
   1. Tall
      1. Multiple levels
   2. Flat
      1. Few management layers
   3. Span of control
5. Combinations
   1. Mechanistic
      1. Formalized
      2. Centralized
   2. Organic
      1. Decentralized
      2. Flexibile
      3. Open to innovation
6. Contemporary Forms
   1. Matrix
      1. Functional + product
      2. Multiple managers
      3. Respond to environment
      4. Improved communication
      5. Ambiguity
      6. Role conflict
   2. Boundaryless
      1. Departmental barriers eliminated
      2. Strategic alliances
   3. Learning
      1. Acquiring knowledge
      2. Reflects on learning
      3. Making changes