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6PH01 Physics on the Go
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Mechanics
- Equations of motion
- Vectors of motion
- Free body diagrams
- F=MA
- W=MG
- E=0.5mv^2
- E=mgh
- Conservation of energy
- W=F$S
- Power (work done over time)
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Materials
- Density
- Laminar Flow
- Streamline flow
- Terminal Velocity
- Turbulent flow
- Upthrust
- Viscous drag
- F=6pinrv
- Upthrust = weight of fluid displaced
- Viscosities change with temperature
- Force-extension graph
- Stress-strain graphs
- limit of proportionality
- elastic limit
- yield point
- Hooke's law (F=k$x)
- Youngs Modulus
- tensile/compressive stress
- tensile/compressive strain
- strength
- breaking stress
- stiffness
- elastic and plastic deformation
- brittle
- ductile
- hard
- malleable
- stiff
- tough
- E=0.5fx
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6PH02 Physics at Work
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Waves
- amplitude, frequency, wavelength
- electromagnetic spectrum uses
- v=fx
- wavefront
- coherence
- path difference
- superposition
- phase
- difference between path difference and phase difference
- explain standing wave
- refractive index
- plane polarised light
- diffraction and gap size
- particle wave duality theory
- waves originate in general at interface between media
- pulse-echo technique
- Doppler effect
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D.C Electricity
- I=Q/T
- V=W/Q
- current, voltage, resistance - series and parrallel
- P=VI, W=VIt, P=I^2R, P=V^2/R
- R=V/I
- Ohms law, I proportional to V
- Potential difference-current graphs
- R=pl/A
- emf and internal resistance
- I=nqvA
- change of temperature with resistance
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Nature of light
- terms of waves and photons
- absorption of photon results in emission of a photoelectron
- threshold frequency and work function
- hf=o + 0.5mv^2
- electronvolt
- E=hf
- atomic line spectra
- radiation flux, power per unit area
- efficiency
- wave and photon models, understanding of nature of light
- science is used by society, stuff like that renewable etc
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6PH04 Physics on the Move
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Further mechanics
- p=mv
- principle of conservation to linear momentum
- change in momentum (Newton 2nd)
- E=p^2/2m
- momentum of particles, vectors, one and two dimensions
- conservation of energy
- angular displacement
- v=Wr
- T=2pi/W
- resultant force required to maintain circular motion
- F=ma=mv^2/r
- a=v^2/r
- a=rW^2
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Particle physics
- nucleon number
- proton number
- large angle alpha particles
- electrons are released by thermionic emission, accelerated by magnetic fields
- electric and magentic fields in accelerators
- r=p/BQ
- charge, energy, momentum are always conserved
- high energies are required to break particles
- E=c^2m
- MeV/c^2
- atomic mass unit u
- relativistic effects near the speed of light
- quark-lepton model of particles
- antiquarks
- intepret equations using standard nuclear notation
- debroglies wavelength l=h/p
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Electric and Magnetic fields
- explain electric field
- E=F/Q
- lines of force diagrams, radial and uniform
- F=kQQ/r^2
- k=1/4pi%
- E=kQ/r^2
- applying a voltage across two parrallel plates produces a uniform electric field in the area between them
- W=0.5QV
- C=Q/V
- W=0.5CV^2
- resistor-capacitor circuit graphs are exponential
- time constant
- Q=Q0e^-t/CR
- magnetic flux density, flux, flux linkage
- F=BIL
- F=BqV
- emf in a coil, motion between magnet and coil, change in current
- e= -d(N&)/dt Faraday's law
- Lenz's law
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6PH05 Physics from creation to collapse
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Thermal Energy
- E=mc
- internal energy as random distribution of potential and kinetic
- absolute zero
- 0.5m<c^2> = 3/2 kT
- pV=NkT
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Nuclear decay
- awareness of existence of background radiation
- nuclear radiations
- spontaneous and random nature of nuclear decay
- half life, radioactive decay
- radioactive materials, ethical issues
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Oscillations
- F=-kx
- a=-W^2x
- a= -AW^2cosWt
- v=AWsinWt
- x= AcosWt
- T= 1/f = 2pi/W
- displacement-time graph, gradient gives velocity at a point
- total energy remains constant in simple harmonic system
- free, damped, forced oscillations
- amplitude changes at natural frequency, how does damping affect it
- damping and plastic deformation of ductile materials reduce amplitude of oscillation
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Astrophysics and Cosmology
- F=Gmm/r^2
- g = -Gm/r^2
- similarities and differences between electric and gravitational fields
- flux, luminosity, distance, F=L/4pid^2
- distances and trigonometric parallax, measurements of radiation flux, objects of known luminosity
- Hertzsprung-Russell diagram to relate luminosity to temperature. life cycle of stars
- L = oT^4x surface area (Stefan-Boltzmann law for black body radiators)
- lmax T=2.898x10-3mK (Weins Law) black body radiators
- z = $l/l source of electromagnetic radiation moving relative to an observer
- v= H0d for objects at cosmological distances
- controversy over ultimate fate of the universe - hubble constant and possible dark matter
- E=mc^2 mass defecit
- nuclear fission and fusion
- high densities of matter at high temperature to sustain fusion