- heat as the results of random movement of the molecules of the substance
-
points
-
attraction between molecules
- large in solids
- small in liquids
- negligible in gases
-
vibration
-
solids
- fixed positions
-
liquids
-
randomly
- fixed volumes
-
gases
-
freely
- all directions
-
internal molecular energy
- shows as heat energy
-
heat supplied
- energy of molecules increases
- speed increases
-
change in state
-
forces between molecules
- have to be overcome
-
leads to latent heat
- fusion
- vaporisation
-
gaseuos pressure
-
collisions
- molecules of a gas
- their boundry
-
evaporation
- escape of molecules from surface
- cools