1. 1. Introduction to PL/SQL
   1. Objective
      1. needs
      2. benefits
      3. type of block
      4. output message
   2. About PL/SQL
      1. Procedural Language extension to SQL
      2. Oracle standard
      3. block structure
   3. PL/SQL Environment
      1. PL/SQL engine
      2. Oracle database server
   4. Benefits of PL/SQL
      1. construct with SQL
      2. performance
      3. modularize
      4. integration with oracle tools
      5. portability
      6. exception handling
   5. PL/SQL Block Structure
      1. declare
         1. variable
         2. cursor
         3. user-defined exception
      2. begin
         1. sql statement
         2. plsql statement
      3. exception
         1. action to perform
      4. end
   6. Block Types
      1. anonymous
      2. procedure
      3. function
   7. Program Constructs
      1. tools construct
      2. db construct
      3. anonymous
      4. store procedure or functions
      5. store package
      6. trigger
      7. object type
   8. Create an Anonymous Block
   9. Execute an Anonymous Block
   10. Test the Output of a PL/SQL Block
2. 2. Declaring PL/SQL Variables
   1. Objectives
   2. Use of Variables
   3. Requirements for Variable Names
   4. Handling Variables in PL/SQL
   5. Declaring and Initializing PL/SQL Variables
   6. Delimiters in String Literals
   7. Type of Variables
   8. Guidelines for Declaring and Initializing PL/SQL Variables
      1. Scalar Data Types
      2. Base Scalar Data Types
      3. Declaring Scalar Variables
      4. %TYPE Attribute
      5. Declaring Variables with the %TYPE Attribute
      6. Declaring Boolean Variables
      7. Bind Variables
      8. Printing Bind Variables
      9. LOB Data Type Variables
      10. Composite Data Types
3. 3. Writing Executable Statements
   1. Objectives
   2. Lexical Units in a PL/SQL Block
   3. PL/SQL Block Syntax and Guidelines
   4. Commenting Code
   5. SQL Function in PL/SQL
   6. SQL Functions in PL/SQL: Examples
   7. Using Sequences in PL/SQL Expressions
   8. Data Type Conversion
   9. Nested Blocks
   10. Variable Scope and Visibility
   11. Qualify and Identifier
   12. Quiz: Determining Variable Scope
   13. Operations in PL/SQL
       1. Examples
   14. Programming Guidelines
   15. Indenting Code
4. 4. Interacting with the Oracle Database Server
   1. Objectives
   2. SQL Statements in PL/SQL
   3. select Statement in PL/SQL
   4. Retrieving Data in PL/SQL
   5. Naming Conventions
   6. Using PL/SQL to Manipulate Data
   7. Inserting Data
   8. Updating Data
   9. Deleting Data
   10. Merging Rows
   11. SQL Cursor
   12. SQL Cursor Attributes for Implicit Cursors
5. 5. Writing Control Structures
   1. Objectives
   2. Controlling Flow of Execution
   3. IF Statement
   4. Simple IF Statement
   5. IF THEN ELSE Statement
   6. IF ELSIF ELSE Clause
   7. NULL Value in IF Statement
   8. CASE Expressions
      1. Example
   9. Searched CASE Expressions
   10. CASE Statement
   11. Handling Nulls
   12. Logic Tables
   13. Boolean Conditions
   14. Iterative Control: LOOP Statements
   15. Basic Loops
   16. WHILE Loops
   17. FOR Loops
   18. Guidelines for Loops
   19. Nested Loops and Lables
   20. PL/SQL CONTINUE Statement
       1. Example
6. 6. Working with Composite Data Types
   1. Objectives
   2. Composite Data Types
   3. PL/SQL Records
   4. Creating a PL/SQL Record
   5. PL/SQL Record Structure
   6. %ROWTYPE Attribute
      1. Example
   7. Advantages of Using %ROWTYPE
   8. Inserting a Record by Using %ROWTYPE
   9. Updating a Row in a Table by Using a Record
   10. INDEX BY Tables or Associative Arrays
   11. Creating an INDEX BY Table
   12. INDEX BY Table Structure
   13. Creating and INDEX BY Table
   14. Using INDEX BY Table Methods
   15. INDEX BY Table of Records
       1. Example
   16. Nested Tables
   17. VARRAY
7. 7. Using Explicit Cursors
   1. Objectives
   2. Cursors
   3. Explicit Cursor Operations
   4. Controlling Explicit Cursors
   5. Declaring the Cursor
   6. Opening the Cursor
   7. Fetching Data from the Cursor
   8. Closing the Cursor
   9. Cursors and Records
   10. Cursor FOR Loops
   11. Explicit Cursor Attributes
   12. %ISOPEN Attribute
   13. %ROWCOUNT and %NOTFOUND% Example
   14. Cursor FOR Loops Using Subqueries
   15. Cursors with Parameters
   16. FOR UPDATE Clause
   17. WHERE CURRENT OF Clause
   18. Cursor with Subqueries
8. 8. Handling Exceptions
   1. Objectives
   2. Example of an Exception
   3. Handling Exceptions with PL/SQL
   4. Handling Exceptions
   5. Exception Types
   6. Trapping Exceptions
   7. Guidelines for Trapping Exceptions
   8. Trapping Predefined Oracle Server Errors
   9. Trapping Non-Predefined Oracle Server Errors
   10. Non-Predefined Error
   11. Functions for Trapping Exceptions
   12. Trapping User-Defined Exceptions
   13. Propagating Exceptions in a Subblock
   14. RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR Procedure
9. 9. Creating Stored Procedures and Functions
   1. Objectives
   2. Procedures and Functions
   3. Differences between Anonymous Blocks and Subprograms
   4. Procedure: Syntax
   5. Procedure: Example
   6. Invoking the Procedure
   7. Function: Syntax
   8. Function: Example
   9. Invoking the Function
   10. Passing a Parameter to the Function
   11. Invoking the Function with a Parameter