1. Oppressive Learning Environments
   1. Fear
   2. Discipline
   3. Constant assessment
   4. Competitive
   5. Emotionally repressive
   6. Bullying
   7. Boredom
   8. Unenthusiastic teachers
   9. Judgemental
   10. Humiliation
   11. 'Receiving' knowledge
   12. 'Experts' teaching
   13. Acceptance of authority
   14. Preparation for waged work & consumerism
   15. Providing 'answers'
   16. Institutions only
   17. Hierarchy
2. Key Aspects
   1. Commitment to transformation & solidarity
   2. Identifying & exposing power relations
   3. Re-learning our own histories of struggle
   4. Collective understanding of problems
   5. Starting from daily reality
   6. Connections between problems & everyday lives
   7. Inspiring social change
   8. Rooted in defiance, struggle & solidarity
3. Pop. Ed Forum of Scotland definition
   1. 1. Rooted in the real interests & struggles of ordinary people
   2. 2. Overtly political and critical of the status quo
   3. 3. Committed to progressive social & political change
   4. 4. A curriculum which comes out of the concrete experience
   5. and material interests of people in communities of resistance and struggle
   6. 5. A pedagogy which is collective, primarily focused on group
   7. rather than individual learning & development
   8. 6. Attempts to forge a direct link between education and social action
4. Liberatory Learning Environments
   1. Participatory
   2. Interactive
   3. Student/learner-led
   4. Interesting & engaging
   5. Relevant
   6. Supportive & friendly learning environment
   7. Learners given responsibility
   8. Building collective knowledge
   9. Participants active in how & what they learn
   10. Diversity of ways of learning
   11. Raising critical consciousness
   12. Values emotions
   13. Encouraging expression
   14. Breaking down hierarchy between teacher/learner
   15. Respectful
   16. Values life experiences/ learning by doing
   17. Asking questions
   18. Head, heart & hands
   19. Learning on many levels simultaneously
   20. Not passive, active creation of knowledge
   21. Collaboration & interaction
   22. Positive emotions enhance learning
   23. Learning 'everywhere' not just in institutions
   24. Shared connections