1. DREYFUS MODEL
   1. Novice
      1. good at context-free orders
      2. rules get you started, but won't carry you any further
   2. Advanced beginner
      1. start using some advice in the correct context in some specific situations
      2. still lack of big picture
         1. don't see connections between things
   3. Competent
      1. able to seek and solve problems
      2. don't know which detail to focus on when resolving problems
      3. lack of reflection and self-correction
   4. Proficient
      1. reflection
      2. self-correction
      3. get immediate feedback
      4. self-improvement
      5. ability to understand and apply maxims
         1. as you do more and reflect more, you'll find it since the same path has been walked by previous ons
         2. they follow without thinking, which is the guideline for novice
   5. Expert
      1. work from intuition
      2. ability to apply corresponding patterns
2. Get into the right mind
   1. Add sensory experience to engage more of the brain
      1. Visually
         1. draw a picture (unformally)
      2. Verbally
         1. Describe the design out
         2. discuss with mates about it
      3. Spatially
         1. change environment regularly
   2. More different means of input activate more areas of the brain
      1. they can interact with each other
   3. Take a walk and then just focus on the problem you want to solve
   4. Change the viewpoint to solve the problem
   5. It is by logic we prove; it is by intuition we discover. -- Henri Poincaré
3. Essential Element
   1. The technology itself isn’t as important; it’s the constant learning that counts.
   2. Mastering knowledge alone, without experience, isn’t effective.
   3. Learning isn’t done to you; it’s something you do.
   4. A random approach, without goals and feedback, tends to give random results.
4. SMART
   1. Specific
   2. Measurable
      1. Under you own control
   3. Achievable
   4. Relevant
   5. Time-Boxed
5. Four broad category problems
   1. Cognitive bias
      1. How your thinking can be led astray
      2. Our biases make it nearly impossible to predict the future and very difficult to navigate in the present.
   2. Generational affinity
      1. How your peer influence you
   3. Personality tendencies
      1. How your personality influence your thoughts
   4. Hardware problems
      1. How old portion of your brain can override the smarter one
6. Learn Deliberately
   1. Diversify
   2. All knowledge investments have value.
      1. Even if you never use a particular technology on the job, it will impact the way you think and solve problems.
   3. Learning is a process of adding knowledge to your knowledge portfolio
   4. Three types of learners
      1. Visual
      2. Auditory
      3. Kinesthetic
      4. have a try of new methods when learning new things
   5. SQ3R
      1. Survey
         1. Scan the table of contents and chapter summaries for an overview.
      2. Question
      3. Read in its entirety.
         1. Read alone with questions
      4. Recite
         1. Summarize, take notes, and put in your own words.
         2. Taking notes is very useful even if you don't use them again
      5. Review
         1. Reread, expand notes, and discuss with colleagues.
   6. Keep short feedback gap, tight feedback loop
7. Gain experience
   1. Make the learning process fun
      1. use metaphor
      2. play more in order to learn more
      3. Exploration is “playing” in unfamiliar territory.
         1. Explore, invent, and apply in your environment—safely.
   2. Explore and get used to a problem before diving into the facts.
      1. Come back to more exploration after absorbing the formal facts.
         1. Then go back to exploration; it’s a continuous cycle.
   3. Leverage existing experience
      1. break the things down into small and mind-manageable sections
      2. look for similar problems you have solved
   4. “I don’t know” is a fine answer, but don’t let it end there.
   5. We learn better by discovery not instruction
   6. Think carefully before diving into the solution
   7. Errors are import to success
   8. Surrounding yourself with highly skilled people, you will increase your skill level
      1. Because we're natural mimics
8. Manage focus
   1. How to meditate
   2. Multitasking waster 30-40% of your productivity
      1. Multitasking here means that performing different concurrent tasks at diffenrent levels of abstraction
      2. It takes 20 minutes to reload the context when been interrupted
   3. Trying to focus on several things at once means you will do poorly on each of them
   4. Mask interruptions to maintain focus
   5. How to stay sharp
      1. SELF-AWARENESS
      2. always remember that you need to deliberately to work to stay sharp
9. Everything is interconnected
   1. Mastering knowledge alone, without experience, isn’t effective.
   2. A random approach, without goals and feedback, tends to give random results.
10. How to Avoid human-born mind bugs
    1. Learn Deliberately
    2. Hedge your bets with diversity
    3. You can't change people
    4. Act like you are evolved. Breath, dont' hiss!
    5. Define the opposite
11. Ways to become an expert
    1. Move away from rules to intuition
    2. A change in the perception
       1. Take info as a whole not only pieces need to do separately
       2. Being involved in the system instead of a detached observer
    3. 10 Yrs to become an expert
       1. Conditions
          1. A well-defined task
          2. Task should be difficult and challenging but doable at the same time
          3. Involved in an informative-feedback environment
          4. Has opportunity to repeat and correct the errors
    4. When you become expert in one field, it's easier to become expert in another field
    5. Keep practising in order to keep expert
12. Tools
    1. Moleskine
       1. Capture all ideas to get more of them.
       2. If you don’t keep track of great ideas, you will stop noticing you have them.
       3. Once you start keeping track of ideas, you’ll get more of them.
    2. aesthesic
       1. It is the field you could differentiate yourself from others if other ways of competing is hard to beat enemy
    3. Use metaphor as the meeting place between L-mode and R-mode.
       1. The more unlikely the association—the further apart the frames of reference—the greater the creative achievement when bisociated.
    4. Cultivate humor to build stronger metaphors.
    5. Trust ink over memory; every mental read is a write.
13. Your Brain
    1. Two Modes in one brain
       1. Linear Mode
          1. Work through the details
          2. Worked as a search and retrival engine for long term memory
       2. Rich Mode
          1. Intuition, creativity, problem-solving
          2. Runs as a background process, can jump out unexpectively
          3. It saves merely everything but not all get a pointer to, so they are dead info, can never be picked out
          4. decidedly holistic and wants to see the whole thing at once
       3. It is the way to make these two modes coorperate matters
    2. If you’re a programmer stuck in a drab cubicle, you will never grow new neurons.
    3. a rich environment with things to learn, observe, and interact with, you will grow plenty of new neurons and new connections between them
    4. Lead with L-mode, follow with R-mode