1. Altruism
   1. Theories of Altruism
      1. Hedonism: acts of altruism are really selfish acts that benefit the actor
         1. Emotional satisfaction
         2. Reduction of negative feelings in the actor
      2. Reciprocal altruism: natural selection favors animals that are altruistic if the benefit to each is greater than the cost of altruism
   2. Unselfish behavior and attitude towards the welfare of others.
   3. Intentional behaviors that benefit another person
      1. Behaviours which have no obvious gain for the provider
      2. Behaviours which have obvious costs for the provider (e.g. time, resources)
   4. Is there really altruism? Altruism is often for self-benefit e.g., power, status, reward, psychological gain.
   5. What matters in judging the act is the actor's intented outcomes
2. Theories of Altruism
   1. Hedonism: acts of altruism are really selfish acts that benefit the actor
      1. Emotional satisfaction
      2. Reduction of negative feelings in the actor
   2. Reciprocal altruism: natural selection favors animals that are altruistic if the benefit to each is greater than the cost of altruism
3. Prosocial behavior occurs when someone acts to help another person, particularly when they have no goal other than to help a fellow human
4. Using it Ask for help. It is surprising how often people will give it, without thought of asking for something in return. Defending When you are helping other people out of the goodness of your heart, beware of people taking advantage of you. This does not mean you should not be altruistic; just beware of vampires.