1. Indo-European
   1. Italic
      1. Romance
         1. Italo-Western
            1. Western
            2. Gallo-Iberian
            3. Ibero-Romance
            4. West Iberian
            5. Castillian
            6. Portugues-Galician
            7. Galican
            8. Portuguese
            9. East Iberian
            10. Catalan
            11. Valencian
            12. Gallo-Rhaetian
            13. Oïl
            14. French
            15. Rhaetian
            16. Romansch
            17. Italo-Dalmatian
            18. Italian
   2. Germanic
      1. West Germanic
         1. High German
            1. German
         2. Low Franconian
            1. Dutch
         3. Anglo-Frisian
            1. English
      2. North Germanic
         1. East Scandinavian
            1. Danish
            2. Swedish
         2. West Scandinavian
            1. Norwegian
   3. Hellenic
      1. Greek
         1. Ionic-Attic
            1. Greek
            2. Cypriot
   4. Celtic
      1. Insular Celtic
         1. Welsh/Brythonic
            1. Breton
            2. Cornish
         2. Goidelic
            1. Gaelic
            2. Irish
            3. Scottish
            4. Manx
2. Proto-Caucus
   1. Caucasian
      1. Proto-Basque
         1. Basque
3. Afro-Asiatic
   1. Semitic
      1. West Semitic
         1. Central Semitic
            1. Northwest Semitic
            2. Canaanite
            3. Hebrew
            4. Aramaic
            5. Proto Arabic
            6. Arabic
4. Uralic
   1. Finno-Ugric
      1. Finno-Permic
         1. Finno-Volgaic
            1. Finno-Lappic
            2. Baltic-Finnic
            3. Finnish