1. Intro
    1. Jurisdiction specific rules trump the Bluebook in it's jurisdiction
  2. B1 Typeface conventions
    1. The EXHAUSTIVE list of underlined/italicized words in citations for non-academic documents
      1. Case names and procedural phrases
      2. Titles of books
      3. Titles of legislative materials
      4. Signals
      5. Explanatory phrases introducing case history
      6. Cross references (id supra)
      7. Words introducing related authority (quoted in)
      8. Topic
    2. underne/italicize these throughout text, not just in citation (unerline preferred)
      1. Titles of publications
      2. Words italicizes in the original quotation
      3. Any word normally italicizes like foreign words.
    3. White v. Blue.
      1. Applies to both
        1. Intro. Signals
        2. Id
        3. Short case names
        4. Internal cross-reference
        5. Titles of articles
        6. Introductory phrases for related authority
        7. Any punctuation that falls within the italicized material
        8. Procedural phrases in case citation
      2. Only White/Academic
        1. Never Underscore
        2. Put the authors and titles of books/periodicals in large and small caps
      3. Only to Blue Pages
        1. Full case names
        2. Titles of books and essays
        3. NB: large and small caps NEVER used in Blue Book
  3. B2 Citation sentences and Clauses
    1. Citations as either whole sentence or as clauses within a sentence directly after the propositions they support
    2. Only use footnotes where specific jurisdiction instructs it
    3. Citation sentence
      1. Often contains a string of citations, each set off by a semicolon
      2. Begins with capital, ends with period
      3. Use this to to cite authority that relate to the ENTIRE preceding sentence
    4. Citation clause
      1. Set off from text with a comma
      2. Immediately after the proposition it supports
      3. Never start the clause with a capital unless the clause begins directly with a source that would otherwise be capitalized
      4. ONLY can be used if the source authoritates PART of the sentence
      5. Never end the Cit. Clause with a period unless it ends the sentence
  4. B3 Intro signals
    1. Signal= a shorthand message to reader about the relationship between the proposition and the authority in relation to that proposition
    2. Do not capitalize a signal used to begin a citation clause
    3. B3.1[ no signal]
      1. A citation can be used with NO INTRO SIGNAL if
        1. The Authority directly states the proposition
        2. the source of a quotation (I.e. If you integrate physical quotes from the authority into your intertextual presentation
        3. An authority referred to in the preceding text
          1. The court held openly in cases, like [case name], that no consideration existed. Romer v. Evans
    4. B3.2 [E.g]
      1. Use e.g. Or See, e.g., to intro an authority that is one of multiple authorities/jurisdiction that state the same proposition
        1. Regarding underlining "see, e.g.," go up to the period after g but not the second comma
    5. B3.3 [See]
      1. Use "See" to introduce an authority that clearly supports, but doesn't directly state the proposition
  5. B4 Sources and Authorities: Cases
    1. B4.1 Full Citation
      1. Has 5 components
        1. Case name
        2. Published source where the case is found
        3. Parenthetical indicating the court and year of decision
        4. Any other parenthetical info (if any)
        5. Subsequent history of case (if any)
      2. B4.1.1 case name
        1. case name at beginning of case is too long, so use Rule 10.2 to edit the name
        2. Omit all parties other than the first on either side of the v
        3. underline the entire case name up to but not including the comma following the citation
        4. For names of people
          1. Omit given names and initials, use only the surname (family name)
        5. Omit "et al" and other words indicating multiple parties
        6. Procedural phrases (ex rel, in re)
          1. Ex rel= on behalf of/ on the relation of, etc...
          2. In re= in the matter of/ petition of, etc...
          3. NB if adversary parties are named, omit all procedural phrases except ex rel
        7. Always abbreviate words in Table T6 unless the citation appears in a textual sentence
          1. Topic
        8. Abbreviate geography pursuant to Table T10 unless the location is a named party
          1. NEVER abbreviate United States even if it is a named party
        9. Omit "the" if the 1st word of a party's name unless it is part of the name of an object in an IN REM ACTION
        10. Yu MAY abbreviate words with 8 letters or more if substantial space is saved and the result is unambiguous
        11. Entities with widely recognize initials (NAACP) can be abbreviated without using periods
        12. If you refer to a full case name in a textual sentence
          1. ONLY abbreviate the list of 8 words listed on 10.2
          2. Underline the whole case name
          3. The first time you mention the case in the text, follow it with the remaining elements of a full citation set off by commas
          4. REFER TO ONLY ONE PARTY'S NAMEIn a subsequent reference to the case within the same general discussion
      3. B4.1.2 reporter and pinpoint citation
        1. Volume #, abbreviated name of reporter(tableT1), page on which the case report begins, pincite
          1. Pincite=the page where the case relates to the cited proposition
          2. Can be a page range
          3. 92-97
          4. if range is >3 digits then you drop the repetitive digits other than the final two
          5. 102-06; 1020-30
          6. Multiple nonconsecutive pages are cited with the full page number set off by a comma
          7. Use passim INSTEAD of a pincite if your material is on too many nonconsecutive pages than is convenient to liist
          8. To cite a footnote
          9. Cite the page it is on
          10. "n"
          11. period
          12. Footnote number
          13. 104 n.4
          14. NB there is no space between "n" and the footnote number
          15. Do NOT OMIT a pin cite if it is the me as the first page of the case report (492 F.2d 150, 150
          16. See Rule 3.2 for pincites
      4. B4.1.3 court year and decision
        1. Cse citations should include (1) the deciding court followed by (2) the year of decision
        2. For Supreme Curt or highest court of a state decision DO NOT include the deciding court in the citation
        3. Supreme court
          1. Cite to U.S (the U.S Reports if the decision is therein
          2. If not, cite to S. Ct ( the supreme court Reporter)
        4. Federal court of appeals
          1. Cite to F., F2d, F.3d (the Federal Reporter)
          2. Indicate the deciding court parenthetically
        5. Federal district court
          1. Cite to F. Supp. ( the Federal Supplement)
          2. Indicate the deciding court parenthetically
        6. State High Court
          1. Cite to the regional reporter in which the court sits IF. the decision lies therein OTHERWISE cite to the State's official reporter (on table T1)
          2. Indicate the state parenthetically unless it is clearly conveyed in the name of the reporter
        7. Other state courts
          1. Same as the State high court
          2. NEVER include the department or district of intermediate state courts
        8. Parallel citation in state court documents
          1. Documents submitted to state courts should be to the reporters indicated by LOCAL RULES (found on BT2)
          2. Local rules usually require citation to BOTH official state report and unofficial regional reporter, one following the other (this is parallel citation)
          3. Where a pincite is necessary, include one for BOTH reporter citations
        9. Pending/Unreported cases
          1. "slip opinions" (see Rule 10.8.1 and 18.3.1)
        10. Correct state abbreviations ONI Table T10
          1. NB the Bluebook's spacing rules (6.1(a)
          2. No space between adjacent capital letters
          3. Put a space between a single Capital Lett and a longer abbreviation (D. Conn.)
        11. Opinions available only online can be cited with the URL included
        12. Topic
      5. B4.1.5 Weight of Auth. And Explanatory Parentheticals
        1. If you want to add information indicating the weight of your cited case, then include additional parenthetical with the info right after the date parenthetical
        2. ALWAYS indicate "concurring" or "dissenting" via the additional parenthetical method describe about
          1. You can stack parentheticals thus: (date) (5-4 decision) (Powell, J., dissenting)
        3. Explanatory parentheticals may also be used to explain the proposition for which the case stands
        4. See Bluepages B11 and Rule 10.7.1.
        5. Topic
      6. B4.1.6 Prior History
        1. while a full citation should include the subsequent history of the case, the inclusion is subject to the exceptions discussed in rule 10.7
        2. You SHOULD use one of the table T8 explanatory phrases to introduce the prior history (aff'd, aff'g, cert. denied) WHENEVER POSSIBLE
        3. Explanatory phrase is underlined
        4. Explanatory parenthetical information should ALWAYS PRECEDE any subsequent history
          1. (9th Cir. 1991) (holding that police violated due process), rev'd en banc, (9th Cir. 1992).
          2. Nte that the explanatory parenthetical comes right after the INTERMEDIATE decision, then followed by the subsequent history( I.e. What the appellate court said about the intermediat court's decision.
        5. If the case has a separate name in the subsequent history, provide the new case name and ADD the underlined phrase "sub nom"
          1. N need to provide new case name if
          2. Parties have simply reversed names
          3. If the subsequent history is merely a denial of a writ of cert. Or a rehearing
    2. B4.2 Short Form Citation
      1. You can use a "short form" to cite an authority if you have already provided one full citation PROVIDED THAT
        1. It will be clear to the reader from the short form what is being referenced
        2. The earlier full citation is in the same general discussion as the subsequent short form
        3. The reader can easily and quickly access the full citation
      2. Acceptable short forms
        1. Palsgraf, 162 N.E. at 100.
        2. 162 N.E. At 100.
        3. Id. at 100.
        4. All of them have "at" followed by a pincite in common
      3. If you use only one party in a short form, use the first
        1. Unless that party is either a geographical or government unit or some "common" litigant.
      4. You can shorten the exceptionally long litigant name in your short form
      5. Id is short form for the immediately preceding authority
        1. Notes on id.
          1. The underline always runs under the period
          2. When used alone, id. Refers to the identical referenced in the immediately preceding citation.
          3. So if you make your proposition and cite to it with a citation sentence and then elaborate on the same proposition in a similar discussion in the next sentence.....you can end that second sentence thus. Id.
          4. Same fact pattern as above, except now you want to cite to a different pincite within same authority....for this you add "at" and the new pincite (Id. at. 8.)
          5. Id can only be used as short form when the previous citation cited only 1 source
    3. Most used (along with rule 10)
  6. NB: the 5 sections of the BB
    1. Blue Pages(3-43)
      1. Citation rules for memos or briefs
      2. Generic
    2. White pages(45-192)
      1. Citation rules for ALL forms of legal writing
      2. Academic writing
      3. Detailed
    3. Tables(193-379)
      1. Abbreviations and jurisdiction specific info needed to complete citations based on the general rules of the blue and white pages
    4. Index(381-415)
    5. Inside Front/back covers(
      1. Front
        1. Cheat sheet for citation rules applicable to law review footnotes
      2. Back cover
        1. Cheat sheet for office memoranda and briefs
          1. Confused about whether a formatting rule in the White pages applies to a particular citation you are drafting?