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Introduction to the Work of Christ
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The Functions of Christ
- The Revelatory Role of Christ
- The Rule of Christ
- The Reconciling Work of Christ
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The Stages of Christ's Work
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The Humiliation
- Incarnation
- Death
- Descent into Hades
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The Exaltation
- Resurrection
- Ascension and Session at the Father's Right Hand
- Second Coming
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Theories of the Atonement
- The Significance of the Atonement
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The Manifold Theories of the Atonement
- The Socinian Theory: The Atonement as Example
- The Moral-Influence Theory: The Atonement as a Demonstration of God's Love
- The Governmental Theory: The Atonement as a Demonstration of Divine Justice
- The Ransom Theory: The Atonement as Victory over the Forces of Sin and Evil
- The Satisfaction Theory: The Atonement as Compensation to the Father
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The Central Theme of Atonement
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Background Factors
- The Nature of God
- Status of the Law
- The Human Condition
- Christ
- The Old Testament Sacrificial System
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The New Testament Teaching
- The Gospels
- The Pauline Writings
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The Basic Meaning of Atonement
- Sacrifice
- Propitiation
- Substitution
- Reconciliation
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Objections to the Penal-Substitution Theory
- The Objection to the Concept of the Necessity of Atonement
- The Objection to the Concept of Substitution
- The Objection to the Concept of Propitiation
- The Objection to the Concept of the Imputation of Christ's Righteousness
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The Penal-Substitution Theory in Relation to the Other Theories
- The Atonement as Example
- The Atonement as a Demonstration of God's Love
- The Atonement as a Demonstration of God's Justice
- The Atonement as Triumph over Evil
- The Implications of Substitutionary Atonement
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The Extent of the Atonement
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Form Whom Did Christ Die?
- Particular Atonement
- Universal Atonement
- A Balanced Evaluation
- For What Did Christ Die?